hearing: perceiving loudness, pitch,and location

some modern headphones

block our environment noise

frequency theory (temporal lobe)

rate at which nerve impulses that travel up the auditory nerves match the frequency of a tone, thus enabling its pitch to be sensed

place theory

links the pitch heard with the place where the cochlea’s membrane is stimulated

traveling wave theory Von Békésy

sounds transmitted to the cochlear fluid by the round window trigger a traveling wave along the length of the basilar membrane and that because of the tapering shape o the membrane, the point of maximum amplitude is varied with the fundamental frequency of the vibration