Chapter 10 Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Androgyny

Blending of masculine and feminine traits.

Associative Play

Children interact while engaging in similar activities.

Authoritarian Child-Rearing Style

Strict parenting with high demands and low responsiveness.

Authoritative Child-Rearing Style

Balanced parenting with high demands and responsiveness.

Child-Rearing Styles

Different approaches to raising children.

Cooperative Play

Children work together towards a common goal.

Gender Constancy

Understanding that gender remains constant over time.

Gender Identity

Personal sense of being male, female, or other.

Gender Schema Theory

Cognitive framework for understanding gender roles.

Gender Typing

Adoption of gender-specific behaviors and roles.

Induction

Discipline technique encouraging empathy and understanding.

Matters of Personal Choice

Decisions based on individual preferences and values.

Moral Imperatives

Rules that protect people's rights and welfare.

Nonsocial Activity

Play that involves solitary or unengaged behavior.

Parallel Play

Children play alongside each other without interaction.

Permissive Child-Rearing Style

Lenient parenting with few demands or controls.

Physical Aggression

Harmful behavior intended to physically injure others.

Proactive Aggression

Planned aggressive acts to achieve a goal.

Prosocial Behavior

Actions intended to benefit others.

Psychological Control

Manipulative parenting that affects child's emotional state.

Reactive Aggression

Impulsive aggression in response to provocation.

Relational Aggression

Harming others through manipulation of relationships.

Self-Concept

Individual's perception of their own identity.

Self-Esteem

Overall evaluation of one's self-worth.

Social Conventions

Agreed-upon norms governing social behavior.

Social Problem Solving

Process of finding solutions to social conflicts.

Sympathy

Feeling of compassion for others' suffering.

Time Out

Disciplinary technique involving temporary removal from activity.

Uninvolved Child-Rearing Style

Neglectful parenting with low demands and responsiveness.

Verbal Aggression

Harmful communication intended to insult or demean.