Excretion

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms related to the excretory system and integumentary system.

Exocytosis

Cell process of expelling materials and/or waste.

Excretion

The elimination of materials or wastes from the body.

Ammonia

Very toxic nitrogenous waste converted to urea in the liver.

Urea

Nitrogenous waste product formed from ammonia.

Uric Acid

Nitrogenous waste from the breakdown of certain foods.

Kidney

Organs that remove wastes and excess water while balancing necessary chemicals.

Urine

Liquid waste composed of urea, uric acid, water, and salts.

Liver

Organ supporting metabolism, digestion, storage, and detoxification.

Filtration

Process of removing harmful wastes while retaining necessary nutrients.

Cortex

Outer region of the kidney.

Medulla

Inner region of the kidney.

Renal

Relating to the kidney.

Nephron

Functional unit of a kidney, primarily located in the cortex.

Glomerulus

Ball of capillaries that facilitates filtration in the kidney.

Bowman’s Capsule

Structure surrounding the glomerulus that captures filtrate.

Loop of Henle

Region in the nephron where reabsorption of water and nutrients occurs.

Ureter

Tube that transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Bladder

Organ that stores urine.

Urethra

Tube that leads from the bladder to outside the body.

Renal Failure

Condition that may require organ transplantation, dialysis, or may lead to death.

Dialysis

Artificial process of filtering blood outside of the body.

Kidney Stone

Hard deposits formed from crystallization of chemicals in the urinary tract.

Gout

Condition caused by the build-up of uric acid in the joints.

Contractile Vacuole

Cell organelle that expels excess water.

Integumentary System

System consisting of skin and its appendages.

Epidermis

Outer layer of skin made of dead cells and melanin pigment.

Dermis

Middle layer of skin that contains blood vessels.

Hypodermis

Bottom layer of skin, also known as the subcutaneous layer, mainly composed of fat.

Sebaceous Glands

Glands that produce oil for the skin.

Sweat Glands

Glands that produce sweat for cooling and excretion.

Melanoma

Type of skin cancer characterized by uncontrolled cell growth.

Albinism

Genetic condition leading to the inability to produce pigment like melanin.

Acne

Condition caused by clogged pores from oil and sweat.