Principles of Effective Speech Writing: Audience Profile and Logical Organization

Principles of Effective Speech Writing

Audience Profile, Logical Organization, Duration, Word Choice, and Grammatical Correctness.

Audience(Audience Profile)

is a group of people who comes together to listen to the speaker

Audience Analysis

Age Bracket, Gender, Educational Background, Place of Residence(City, Town, Province), Marital Status, Language Spoken, Religious Affiliations/Beliefs

Logical Organization

it helps the reader move smoothly from one sentence to the next, and from one paragraph to another, flowing logically from one key point to the next from beginning to end. Outline: Intro, Body, Conclusion

Introduction

It presents the main idea of your speech. Get attention(hook), and Provides Foundation. 10-15%of the time allotted for the introduction

5 functions of a Good Introduction by Wrench ( 2012)

to gain audience attention and interest, to state the purpose of your speech, to establish your credibility, to provide reasons for your audience to listen and to preview the main idea of your speech

Body

it elaborate the main idea and the key concepts of the speech. Definitions, Examples, and Other information.

Patterns of Organization

Problem-Solution Order, Categorical/Topical Order, Chronological Order, Comparison and Contrast Order, Spatial/Geographical Order, Causal Order

Problem-Solution Order

this pattern explains the problem and suggests a possible solution

Categorical/Topical Order

this pattern divides the topic into subtopics that are arranged based on the importance of the key point in supporting the main idea

Chronological Order

this pattern presents a historical or time order which is from the past to the present(narrative)

Comparison and Contrast Order

this pattern compares and contrasts two or more points

Spatial/Geographical Order

this pattern presents an idea in the oder of their physical location or space

Causal Order

this pattern involves a discussion of both the cause and the effect of an issue. Cause and Effect.

Conclusion

end with an impact. Begin it with a bang, end it with an explosion. Thought-provoking questions, Humor, Quotation, A call for action, a connection to larger context

Duration

refers to the length of your speech. 110-150 words per minutes

Writing your speech

Introduction(What about to tell), Body (Point 1,2,3- what to say), Conclusion(What you just said)

Speech Duration

The ideal length of a speech is up to 20 minutes. The average person speaks at somewhere between 125 and 150 words per minute. Learn time limit, calculate word count

Word Choice

it is the specific vocabulary the writer uses to convey meaning.

Grammatical Correctness

is crucial for clarity and avoid misinterpretations

Five trouble spots

The Verb is a form of Be, Have, or Do, Words come between the subject and the verb, The sentence has a compound subject, The subject is an indefinite pronoun, The verb comes before the subject

Compound Subject

is two more subjects joined by and, or or nor.

Glossophobia

75% of the people in the world struggle with this. “Fear of Public Speaking”

Speech Delivery

pertains to the act of presenting a speech before an audience

Principles of Effective Speech Delivery

Verbal Elements, Physical Elements

Verbal Elements

articulation and modulation

Articulation

this is the quality of delivery that makes the speech understandable to the audience. Observe the following: rate or speed, pronunciation, pauses

Rate or Speed

speech delivery’s rate or speed may vary according to the speaker’s mood or the thoughts the speaker is conveying.

Pronunciation

Intonation, Rhythm, Individual Sound, Stress of each syllable

Pauses

it gives the listeners time to absorb the important points, it helps express the feelings that the speaker wants to project

Modulation

Voice Quality (pleasant sounding voice)

Physical Elements

Stage Presence, Facial Expression, Gestures and Movement, Audience Rapport

Facial Expressions

they communicate various types of emotions which reflect the speaker’s moods and personality traits

A speaker must not forget good eye contact

it establishes effective thought communication.

Gestures

we use gestures to emphasize a point in the speech 

Movements

movement can be observed through the movement of a speaker’s shoulders, legs, and feet. Maintain good posture it signals confidence, vitality and control 

a good public speaker

does not only entail having the ability to speak eloquently , but also, the ability to command the attention of the audience

Stage Presence 

refers to the ability of the speaker to “own the stage” meaning to be able to fill the space and project his/her personality to the audience. And is the sum of all the qualities that keep your audience engaged while you deliver a speech

Audience Analysis

the most important aid in establishing a connection with the listeners

Rapport

is the trust and connection that a speaker creates with his/her audience. Make regular eye contact, Speak Naturally (like you are talking to them),

Developing rapport

with an audience means establishing a relationship that does not interfere with the speaker’s message. Factors: Including appearance, and reputation of the speaker