Networking Ch. 4 Review

AP Cyber Networking

The __ ontains fields to manage the logical addressing and forwarding function.

Internet Protocol (IP) Header

The TCP/IP suite includes the ___ to perform the task of resolving an IPv4 address to a hardware MAC address.

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

The intent to receive multicasts from another host is signaled by joining a multicast group. The ___ is typically used to configure group memberships and IP addresses for multicasts.

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)

__ means that a group of hosts is configured with the same IP address, and a router uses a prioritization algorithm to select the closest host.

Anycast

An IP address provides these two pieces of information.

The Network number (Network ID)
The host number (Host ID)

To make an IP address easier to use, it is formatted using _.

Dotted Decimal Notation

In IPv4, a 32-bit is used to distinguish these two components within a single IPv4 address.

Network Mask

___ has three hierarchical levels: a network ID, subnet ID, and host ID.

Subnet Addressing

When the destination IPv4 address is on a different IP network or subnet, the host forwards the packet to its _, rather than trying to deliver it locally.

Default Gateway

Class A

Octet range: 0-127.

Class B

Octet range: 128-191.

Class C

Octet range: 192-223.

Class D

Octet range: 224-239.

Class E

Octet range: 240-255.

A __, is a special address typically used to check that TCP/IP is correctly installed on the local host.

Loopback Address

_ Uses bits normally assigned to the network ID to mask the complexity of the subnet and host addressing scheme within that network. Sometimes described as superheating

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

A complementary classless addressing technique, called , allows a network designer to allocate ranges of IP addresses to subnets that match the predicted need for numbers of subnets and hosts per subnet more closely.

Variable Length Subnet Masks

On a Windows host, the ___ command is widely used for basic configuration reporting and support tasks.

ipconfig

On a Linux host, when it comes to managing the running configuration, you need to distinguish between legacy and current command packages. __ is part of the legacy net-tools package.

Ifconfig

As part of the iproute2 package, the has options for managing routes as well as the local interface configuration.

ip Command

The command sends a configurable number and size of ICMP request packets to a destination host and is implemented on both Windows and Linux hosts.

Ping

An __ packet consists of two or three elements: the main header, which is a fixed length, one or more optional extension headers, and the payload.

IPv6

In IPv4, IP address resolution to a specific hardware interface is performed using ARP. IPv6 replaces ARP with the _ protocol.

Neighbor Discovery (ND)

hosts and routers can run both IPv4 and IPv6 simultaneously and communicate with devices configured with either type of address.

Dual Stack