Ch 7 - Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems 

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Neural network program

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52 Terms

1

Neural network program

________: helps engineers slow or speed drilling operations to help increase accuracy /reduce costs.

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2

Genetic Algorithm

________: approach to solving complex problems in which a number of related operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges.

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3

Effective KMS

________: is based on learning new knowledge and changing procedure and approaches as a result.

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4

Manufacturers

________ use robots to assemble and paint products.

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5

Voice recognition

________: converting sound waves into words.

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6

Intelligent Agent

________: programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, process, or another program.

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7

Vision Systems

________: Hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures.

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8

Informatics

________: combines traditional disciplines, such as science and medicine, with computer systems and technology.

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9

Neural Networks

________: computer system that simulates functioning of a human brain.

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10

Game theory

________: uses information systems to develop competitive strategies for people, organisations, or even countries.

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11

Inference Engine

________: seeks information and relationships from the knowledge base.

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12

Robotics

________: mechanical devices that can perform tasks that require a high degree of precision.

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13

Knowledge base

________: stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationship used by expert system.

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14

Explanation Facility

________: allows user or decision maker to understand how the expert system arrived at certain conclusions or results.

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15

Virtual reality system

________: enables one or more users to move and react in a computer- simulated environment.

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16

Contemporary robotics

________: combine both high precision machine capabilities and sophisticated controlling software.

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17

Knowledge

________: awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.

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18

Knowledge user

________: person or group who uses and benefits from the expert system.

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19

Haptic interface

________: relays sense of touch and other sensations in a virtual world.

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20

Information

________: collection of facts organised so they have additional value beyond the facts themselves.

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21

Knowledge Management Systems

________ (KMS): is an organised collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices.

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22

Explicit Knowledge

________: is objective, can be measured and documented in reports, papers, and rulers.

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23

Communities of Practice

________ (COP): group of people dedicated to a common discipline or practice.

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24

Tacit Knowledge

________: hard to measure and document, typically not objective or formalised.

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25

Expert systems

________ can be developed from any programming language.

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26

Communities of Practice (COP)

group of people dedicated to a common discipline or practice

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27

Knowledge repository

includes documents, reports, files and databases

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28

Knowledge map

directory that points the knowledge worker to the needed knowledge

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29

Effective KMS

is based on learning new knowledge and changing procedure and approaches as a result

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30

Artificial Intelligence

computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain

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31

Artificial intelligence systems

include the people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that demonstrate characteristics of human intelligence

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32

Turing Test

determines whether responses from a computer with high intelligence are distinguishable from a human being

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33

Brain computer interface (BCI)

idea is to directly connect the human brain to a computer and have thought control computer activities

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34

Vision Systems

Hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures

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35

Natural language processing

processing that allows the computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a "natural" language

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36

Voice recognition

converting sound waves into words

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37

Learning systems

combination of software and hardware that allows the computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback it receives

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38

Learning systems software

requires feedback on results of actions or decisions

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39

Neural Networks

computer system that simulates functioning of a human brain

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40

Neural network program

helps engineers slow or speed drilling operations to help increase accuracy/reduce costs

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41

Genetic Algorithm

approach to solving complex problems in which a number of related operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges

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42

Intelligent Agent

programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, process, or another program

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43

Computerised expert systems

systems that use heuristics (techniques) to arrive at conclusions or make suggestions

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44

Knowledge base

stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationship used by expert system

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45

Inference Engine

seeks information and relationships from the knowledge base

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46

Explanation Facility

allows user or decision maker to understand how the expert system arrived at certain conclusions or results

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47

Knowledge Acquisition facility

provides convenient and efficient means of capturing and string all components of knowledge base

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48

Domain Expert

person or group with the expertise or knowledge the expert system is trying to capture

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49

Knowledge engineer

person who has training in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system

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50

Expert system shells and products

collections of software packages and tools used to design, develop, implement, and maintain expert systems

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51

Virtual reality system

enables one or more users to move and react in a computer-simulated environment

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52

Immersive virtual reality

user becomes fully immersed in an artificial, 3D world that is completely generated by a computer

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