English 1 Honors Final Review

Semester 1

**Rhyme Scheme**

The ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse.

**Line**

The most basic unit of poetry. It serves the same function as a sentence does in prose (regular writing).

**Stanza**

Lines are grouped into these. It serves the same function as a paragraph does in prose (regular writing).

**Repetition**

An instance where a word or phrase repeated to provide clarity and emphasis, highlighting deeper meanings in the text.

**Alliteration**

Repetition of initial consonant sounds of adjacent or closely related words

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Example: The __**b**__ig __b__ad __b__ear __b__ored the __b__aby __b__unnies __b__y the __b__ushes.

**Simile**

A figure of speech comparing two unlike things using like or as

**Mood**

A literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions.

**Tone**

An author’s attitude towards his or her audience 

* Shown through DIDLS (Diction, Imagery, Details, Language, Syntax)

**Personification**

A figure of speech in which an idea or thing is given human attributes and/or feelings or is spoken of as if it were human.

* Example: The sun smiled down on us.

**Sonnet**

A poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English typically having ten syllables per line.

**Assonance**

A literary device in which the repetition of similar vowel sounds takes place in two or more words in proximity to each other

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Example: The r__**ain**__ in Sp__**ain**__ stays m__**ain**__ly in the pl__**ain**__s.

**Theme**

A universal idea, lesson, or message explored throughout a work of literature

Metaphor

A comparison between two things that are otherwise unrelated

**Hyperbole**

A figure of speech that is an intentional exaggeration for emphasis or comic effect

* Example: “It’s raining cats and dogs!”

**Understatement**

Purposefully representing something as much less than it really is.

Imagery

Usually, these words or phrases are used to create a picture in the reader’s mind through the use of language.

* Appeals to our five senses (touch, taste, sight, sound, smell).

**Direct Characterization**

The author directly shares the character’s traits with the audience

**Indirect Characterization** 

The author provides clues on a character based on what a character does and says.

* This is shown through STEAL (Speech, **T**houghts, **E**ffects on Others, **A**ctions, **L**ooks)

**First-Person Point of View**

The narrator is a character in the story referred to as I

**Third-Person Limited Point of View**

The narrator reveals the thoughts of only one character, referring to that character as “he” or “she.”

**Third-Person Omniscient Point of View**

The narrator knows all about the story’s events and reveals the thoughts of all characters

**Protagonist**

The main character (can be good or bad)

**Antagonist**

Person or thing who goes against the protagonist

**Foreshadowing**

A literary device used to give an indication or hint of what is to come later in the story.

**Internal Conflict**

A struggle within a person’s mind over a problem or question

**External Conflict**

A conflict between a character and an external force

**Dramatic Irony**

A situation in a narrative in which the reader knows something about present or future circumstances that the character does not know.

**Rhetorical Question**

Posing a question that doesn’t necessarily require an answer.