Biology Finals Review Sem 1

These flashcards cover key biological concepts needed for the semester exam.

Homeostasis is the dynamic process by which organisms maintain a __ internal environment essential for survival.

stable

The primary regulatory tool for maintaining balance in homeostasis is __ feedback.

negative

Organisms can experience disruptions in homeostasis due to conditions like or .

systemic disease, malfunctioning enzyme

The basic unit of life is the __.

cell

Prokaryotic cells lack a __.

membrane-bound nucleus

Cellular respiration produces __, which is the energy currency of cells.

ATP

The immune system uses __ to identify harmful pathogens.

antigens

An example of a __ feedback mechanism is the process of childbirth, where uterine contractions lead to increased release of oxytocin.

positive

The __ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

circulatory

In photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight, CO₂, and H₂O into and .

glucose, oxygen

The sequence of biological organization from simplest to most complex is Organelle → Cell → → → Organ System → Organism.

Tissue, Organ

WBCs are the primary __ of the immune system, tasked with engulfing and destroying pathogens.

soldiers

A __ occurs when an enzyme loses its functional shape due to extreme conditions.

denaturation