Christian Beliefs and History Midterm

What is a doctrine

What the whole bible says about a specific topic 

What is creation ex nihlo 

Creation from nothing

What is tritheism

The belief that there are three distinct Gods

What is special revelation

God giving a specific person specific knowledge

What two early Christian teachers began to engage the philosophy

Origen and Clement

What is materialism

The belief that matter is all that there is (no spiritual world exists)

What is omniscience

Being all knowing

What is post-mortem evangelism

The belief that after people die they get another chance to choose Jesus and spend eternity with God

What does aseity mean

The free nature of God

What does it mean when Grudem says that Scripture is sufficient

It means that at every stage of the development of humanity, God has provided sufficient information to humanity  

What is macroevolution

Non-living organisms evolving into living organisms

What is deism

The belief that God exists but doesn’t interact with the world

What is the teleological argument

The world is far too perfect for there not to be a creator, and accident is FAR too unlikely for that to make sense

What is microevolution

Natural selection - good traits survive, bad traits dont

True or false - Christians are not to add anything to scripture

True

What is natural selection

Survival of the fittest

True or false - the will of God is most often revealed to people through Scripture

True

What is the main focus of the Athanasian creed

Addressing the trinity

What is a disciple in a Biblical context

Someone who is trying to be transformed to the person they are following

What is an apologetic

Someone who is making a defense for the faith for the purpose of convincing unbelievers

What is systematic theology

A collection of doctrines, what the whole Bible says about everything

True or false - The employment of human reason should be avoided when studying the Bible

False

What is the allegorical interpretation

Using story to show the layers of an interpretation and demonstrate deeper meaning

Who is the most famous proponent of allegorical interpretation

Origen

What is meant by the term “the holy catholic church” in the Apostles creed

The universal church (anywhere Christ is worshipped)

What is Scripture

The Bible

What does the inerrancy of Scripture mean

It does not affirm anything that is not true

When Grudem says that Scripture is necessary, what are the three things it is necessary for

Knowledge of the Gospel, maintaining a spiritual life, and certainty on Gods will

What does it mean to be omnipresent

To be everywhere all at once

What does perfection mean in the context of God

Being without sin, incapable of making an error

What does perfection mean in the context of humanity

Depending on God and being ready to follow God

What are apostles

Someone who is sent as a messanger with the authority of the one who sent them

What is an incommunicable attribute

Aspects of God’s character that He either fully or partially withholds from humanity

True or False - The practice of upholding a bishop above the church did not happen until the 2nd century

True

What is infinity

Forever with no starting point

What is eternity

Forever with a starting point

What is theistic evolution

God using evolution to perform creation

What is modalism

God is not three persons, He is one person who does three jobs

What is a presupposition

An assumption that is the starting point for a study or argument

What is meant but subordination in theological terms

Some parts of the trinity being less than others

What theologian was the first to put together the framework for the Christian faith

Origen

What is pantheism

The thought that the universe is God or part of the universe is God

What is Arianism

The idea that the Son and Holy Spirit are not the same as the Father

What is the onotological argument

There is a mind behind creation that is better than the total sum of creation

What is Calvinism

Created by John Calvin, God predetermined everything

What do Armenians believe

A theological tradition that states that God preveniently renders a person capable of making their own decisions

What is prayer

Personal communication and fellowship with God

What is supralapsarianism

The concept that God has chosen some people for salvation and others for damnation

What/Who is the mediator in a Christian context

Jesus

What does it mean to pray in Jesus name

Praying in His authority, character, and presence

Of the three creeds, what one was the first to be widely recognized

The Apostles creed

What does the Greek word Ecclesia

The gathering of persons and the building they are in as well as having a specific focus

What is mediatative prayer

Communication with God on a specific topic

What is contemplative prayer

Bringing nothing specific to God, but trying to see what He has to tell you

What are the primary different Jewist sects

Pharisees, Saggueses, Zealots, Essenes

What is the document clause of the new covenant in Christs blood

Communion

In the ancient world what did testament mean

Covenant

What is compatibilism

Free will and predestination can be intertwined and coincid

What is historical theology

Historical study of the church and theology

What is philosophical theology

Using philosophical reasoning to understand God

Does God leave some prayers unanswered

Some traditions take negative answers as nonanswers, others take no or wait as an answer 

When Paul writes to Timothy that all Scripture is God breathed what is he affirming

That Scripture literally claims to be the word of God

What is pluralism

Same as post-modernism, we cannot know absolute truth

What is general revelation

Knowledge of God through creation

What is molinism

The concept that God knows what decision we are going to make without predestining it

What was the primary focus of Jesus’ early ministry

The kingdom of God

What two groups of leaders did Paul put in his churches

Elders and Deacons

Grudems says that being reformed is…

Being a Calvinist

What is a better definition of being reformed

Any traditional Christian that believes with Augustine and in Christ's righteousness and original sin

True or false - It is wrong to pray to Jesus or the Holy Spirit

False

What is infralapsarianism

God foresaw and permitted the fall and then created election as a means of redemption

What is the apocrypha

Non-canon books of the Bible (canon for Catholics and eastern orthodox)

What is a typical evangelical understanding of the authority of Scripture

It is authoritatve, disobeying Scripture is disobeying God

Omnipotence

All powerful

Freedom to Calvinists

God predestined everything but you have the ability to make choices

What does it mean that Scripture is clear

Anyone can understand it (with help)

Free will for an Armenian

The ability to make free decisions through God’s grace

What two church leaders debated whether or not people could be let back into the church after commiting certain sins

Novation and Cornelius

What sins would get people permanently removed from the church

Adultery, murder, apostasy

What does universalism teach

All people go to heaven

Who was the first roman emperor to embrace Christianity

Constantine

What does immutability mean

Unchanging

Origens three levels of meaning

Literal, allegorical, moral

Homoousios

Of the same nature

Homoiousios

Of a similar nature

What is a dichotomy from a Christian theological perspective

Body is separate, soul and spirit are the same

What is a religious icon according to the Orthodox Church

Religious images meant to represent a 'likeness" of the original person item or event.

Define Complementarian

The idea that men and women are equal before God but have different roles within marriage and the Church

According to Grudem, what is the Image of God (Imago Dei)

The nature of humanity such that a human is like God and represents him

This pope intensified the focus in the western Church on penance, the intercession of the saints, and the use of holy relics.

Gregory the Great

What is Monism?

The view that humanity is made of one element, the body, and that the body is the person

Who were the iconoclasts?

People who were against and wanted to get rid of icons

He was the first of the great Frankish kings. He was converted to Christianity after crying out to Christ in battle in 496, and being delivered from certain defeat.

Clovius I

What is a trichotomy?

Body, soul, and spirit as separate things

He was crowned by Pope Leo III at a Christmas mass in 800, and given the title of “Augustus”, thus being recognized to be the first Holy Roman Emperor.

Charlemagne

In what year did the Western Roman Empire fall

476

Define Egalitarian.

Men and women are completely equal and can be done by either gender. Specifically that there is no reserved leadership role for men in marriage or specific teaching roles in the church

Roman Emperor Theodosius I (also called “The Great”) was instrumental ingetting the Nicene Creed (first drafted and agreed upon under his predecessor, Constantine) accepted across the whole of the Christian Empire. When he died, how did he contribute to the permanent division of the Church along East/West – Greek/Latin lines?

He gave his son anorius the west and arcadius the east creating a divide between the two

In what year did the Eastern Roman Empire (what we call the Byzantine Empire) fall, and to whom did it fall?

1453 to the Ottoman Turks

This pope was the first one to ascend to the papacy who had previously been a monk. He became pope in the year 590 as Rome was enduring threats from the Lombards and a plague.

Gregory the Great