Determination of the Feeding Value of Feedstuff

Practice flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture notes on the determination of the feeding value of feedstuff.

Gross performance evaluations

A method of feeding evaluation that includes group feeding and individual feeding trials to analyze the effects of different diets.

Digestibility

A measure of how much of a feed's nutrients can be absorbed and utilized by the animal.

Feedlot trials

A method of gross performance evaluation involving groups of animals fed different rations under identical management conditions.

Individual feeding

Involves feeding one animal per pen to collect data on individual feed intake for analysis.

Indigestible marker

A substance used to track digested feed in trials, commonly Fe2O3 or Cr2O3 to indicate when the test diet has cleared the digestive tract.

Digestibility by difference

A method to determine the digestibility of a feedstuff by comparing it to a basal ration.

Common indicators

Substances used in digestion trials such as Cr2O3, SiO2, and lignin to measure intake and digestibility.

Digestibility factors

Elements such as species, age, physical and chemical nature of feed that influence feed digestibility.

Maintenance energy

Energy required to sustain basic physiological functions at rest.

Net energy

The portion of energy available for productive purposes after accounting for heat and energy losses.

Water's role in metabolism

Acts as a solvent, medium for transportation, temperature regulator, and participant in metabolic reactions.

Osmotic pressure

A force that regulates the flow of water and solutes across cell membranes.

Carbohydrates (CHO)

Organic compounds serving as a primary energy source for the body, produced by plants through photosynthesis.

Monosaccharides

The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar unit, such as glucose.

Disaccharides

Carbohydrates made up of two monosaccharides linked together, such as sucrose and lactose.

Polysaccharides

Complex carbohydrates consisting of multiple sugar units, such as starch and cellulose.

Ruminant digestion

A specialized digestion process involving microbial fermentation in the rumen, allowing for the breakdown of fibrous feeds.

Non-ruminant digestion

Digestion occurring in species without a rumen, typically involving simpler digestive processes.

Insulin

A hormone that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose.

Glycogenesis

The biochemical process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage.

Heat increment (HI)

The additional heat produced during digestion and nutrient metabolism.

Law of Hess

The principle stating that the total energy change in a system is the same regardless of the number of intermediate steps in a chemical reaction.

Intermediary metabolism

The chemical processes through which nutrients are converted into energy and cellular components.