EA 11
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100 Terms
Primary function of the urinary system
Excretion
Hormone secreted by urinary system that stimulates RBC production
Erythropoietin
Characteristics controlled by urinary system
Blood volume
Characteristics controlled by urinary system
Blood pressure
Characteristics controlled by urinary system
Osmolarity
Kidneys remove metabolic waste from
Circulation
Main organs of urinary system
2 kidneys
Main organs of urinary system
2 ureters
Main organs of urinary system
Urinary bladder
Main organs of urinary system
Urethra
Location of kidneys
Lateral to vertebral column
Location of kidneys
Between 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar
Location of kidneys
Left kidney higher than right
Location of kidneys
Retroperitoneal
Layers protecting kidneys
Renal capsule
Layers protecting kidneys
Perirenal fat capsule
Layers protecting kidneys
Renal fascia
Layer covering kidney directly
Renal capsule
Urine carried to bladder by
Ureters
Urine stored in
Urinary bladder
Tube carrying urine outside
Urethra
Process of urination
Micturition
Smooth triangular region of bladder
Trigone
Trigone formed by
2 ureteral openings
Trigone formed by
1 urethral opening
Muscle of bladder
Detrusor muscle
When detrusor relaxes
Bladder fills
When detrusor contracts
Urine expelled
Reason females more prone to UTI
Shorter urethra
Male urethra function
Sperm passage
Involuntary sphincter preventing semen reflux
Internal urethral sphincter
Voluntary sphincter controlling urination
External urethral sphincter
Indentation on kidney medial surface
Hilum
Hilum entry structures
Renal artery
Hilum entry structures
Renal nerves
Hilum exit structures
Renal vein
Hilum exit structures
Ureter
Internal cavity of kidney
Renal sinus
Superficial kidney region
Renal cortex
Tissue between pyramids
Renal columns
Inner kidney layer
Renal medulla
Tip of pyramid
Renal papilla
Cup shaped structure surrounding papilla
Minor calyx
Funnel shaped chamber receiving urine
Renal pelvis
Blood flow through kidney
Renal artery
Blood flow through kidney
Segmental artery
Blood flow through kidney
Interlobar artery
Blood flow through kidney
Arcuate artery
Blood flow through kidney
Cortical radiate artery
Blood flow through kidney
Afferent arteriole
Blood flow through kidney
Glomerulus
Blood flow through kidney
Efferent arteriole
Blood flow through kidney
Peritubular capillaries
Blood flow through kidney
Cortical radiate vein
Blood flow through kidney
Arcuate vein
Blood flow through kidney
Interlobar vein
Blood flow through kidney
Renal vein
Blood flow through kidney
Inferior vena cava
Nerve network around renal artery
Renal plexus
Type of stimulation reducing blood flow
Sympathetic
Functional unit of kidney
Nephron
Parts of nephron
Renal corpuscle
Parts of nephron
Renal tubule
Components of renal corpuscle
Glomerulus
Components of renal corpuscle
Glomerular capsule
Structure surrounding glomerulus
Glomerular capsule
Cluster of capillaries in corpuscle
Glomerulus
Function of glomerulus
Filters blood plasma
Blood vessel entering glomerulus
Afferent arteriole
Blood vessel leaving glomerulus
Efferent arteriole
Layers of glomerular capsule
Parietal layer
Layers of glomerular capsule
Visceral layer
Parietal layer consists of
Simple squamous epithelium
Visceral layer consists of
Podocytes
Function of glomerular capsule
Collects filtrate
Coiled tubule leaving capsule
Renal tubule
Parts of renal tubule
PCT
Parts of renal tubule
Nephron loop
Parts of renal tubule
DCT
Ducts receiving fluid from DCT
Collecting ducts
Ducts draining into minor calyx
Papillary ducts
Nephron flow order
Glomerular capsule
Nephron flow order
PCT
Nephron flow order
Descending limb
Nephron flow order
Nephron loop
Nephron flow order
Ascending limb
Nephron flow order
DCT
Nephron flow order
Collecting duct
Nephron flow order
Papillary duct
Structure regulating filtration rate
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Cells of JGA
Macula densa
Cells of JGA
Juxtaglomerular cells
Cells of JGA
Mesangial cells
Cells releasing renin
Juxtaglomerular cells
Types of nephrons
Cortical nephrons
Types of nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons
Nephron with long loop
Juxtamedullary nephron
Nephron making up 85 percent
Cortical nephron
