English explorer who helps provide law and order to the Jamestown colony.
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Lord Calvert
Founder of the Maryland colony.
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William Penn
Quaker founder of the Pennsylvania colony.
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John Rolfe
Agriculturalist who develops a cash crop of tobacco in Jamestown helping create a profitable colony.
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Powhatan
Native tribe living along the James River near Jamestown.
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Puritans
Religious group in New England desiring to purify the Anglican Church of its Catholic traditions.
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Separatists
Similar to Puritans; however, they wish to break away from the Anglican church.
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John Winthrop
Puritan founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony wishing to create a “City on a Hill.”
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Nathaniel Bacon
Virginia Settler challenging the laws of the Virginia Governor William Berkeley.
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Jonathan Edwards
First Great Awakening preacher known for his “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” sermon.
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George Whitefield
Powerful speaker and English Preacher during the First Great Awakening encouraging Christian beliefs throughout the colonies.
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Roger Williams
Separatist who was banned from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his dissenting views.
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Anne Hutchinson
A woman banned from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for her dissenting views.
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John Peter Zenger
New York journalist accused of libel for his critical views of the governor but later acquitted. His acquittal was seen as support for freedom of the press.
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Act of Toleration
A law passed in Maryland allowing religious freedom for any Christian group that believed in the divinity of Jesus.
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Holy Experiment
Quaker colony of Pennsylvania.
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Jamestown
The first permanent English colony founded in Virginia, 1607.
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Mayflower Compact
Governing document for the Plymouth colony.
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King Philip's War
Fierce battles between the New England colonies and the local Natives led by Metacom (King Philip).
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Bacon’s Rebellion
Rebellion of back-country Virginia settlers protesting the harsh, aristocratic policies of Governor Berkeley.
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Joint Stock Company
An organization of investors seeking profits from exploration.
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Mercantilism
Economic system based on a favorable balance of trade between the mother country and its colonies in order to maintain gold and silver within the empire.
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Navigation Acts
Laws passed by England to uphold the economic policy of mercantilism.
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Headright System
Law passed by England to encourage settlement in the new world by offering settlers fifty acres of land for every individual they brought to the new world.
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Triangular Trade
System of trade between the New World, Europe, and Africa in which resources and rum were traded for manufactured goods and slaves.
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