Personality Psychology Lecture Notes

This set of flashcards covers key concepts and definitions related to Personality Psychology, aiding in the understanding of traits, measurement, and assessment in the field.

Personality

A person’s consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

Psychology

The science of the mind, including cognition (thinking), emotion (feeling), and behavior (behaving).

Psychometricians

Measurement scientists who design, develop, and validate psychological and educational tests.

Personality Psychologists

Researchers who scientifically study personality.

Trait Theory

A psychological approach that focuses on the identification and measurement of specific personality traits.

The Big Five Personality Traits

A model describing five core dimensions of personality: Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Neuroticism.

Self-Reports

Personality data collected directly from the individual about their own traits.

Informant-Reports

Personality data provided by others who know the individual well, such as friends or family.

Behavioral Observations

Personality data collected by observing an individual's behavior in various situations.

Life Outcomes

Data regarding an individual's life achievements and behaviors, such as career success or relationship status.

Correlation Designs

Research methods used in personality psychology to measure the association between two variables.

Reliability

The consistency of a measure; it should yield the same results over time.

Validity

The degree to which a measure accurately captures what it claims to measure.

Factor Analysis

A statistical method used to identify patterns in data, crucial for developing personality questionnaires.

Convergent Validity

The degree to which different measures of the same construct correlate with each other.

Discriminant Validity

The degree to which a measure is less correlated with distinct constructs.

SOKA Model

Self-Other Knowledge Asymmetry model regarding how observable and evaluative personality traits can differ.

Psychological Diversity

The consideration of how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are affected by their diverse social environments.

Experimental Effects

When experimenters unintentionally influence study outcomes, which can affect the validity of results.

Generalizability

The extent to which findings from a study apply to broader populations or different contexts.