Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Lecture Notes

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to ANOVA, variance analysis, and statistical methods discussed in the lecture.

Variance

A statistical measurement that indicates the spread of data points in a data series.

Degrees of Freedom

The number of independent values or quantities that can be assigned to a statistical distribution.

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)

A statistical method used to test differences between two or more group means.

Effect Size

A measure of the strength or magnitude of a phenomenon; in ANOVA, often calculated as eta squared.

Post Hoc Tests

Statistical tests conducted after an ANOVA to determine which specific group means are different.

Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference)

A post hoc test used to find statistically significant differences between group means.

F Ratio

The ratio of variances that indicates the relationship between good variability and bad variability.

Sums of Squares

A statistical measure used to assess the variability of data points.

Null Hypothesis

A statement asserting that there is no effect or no difference, which is tested in statistical analysis.

Within Groups Variability

The variability of scores within each group in an ANOVA analysis.

Between Groups Variability

The variability of scores between different groups in an ANOVA analysis.

Eta Squared (η²)

A measure of effect size for ANOVA that indicates the proportion of total variance explained by a factor.

Normal Distribution

A probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence.

Independent Samples

Samples in which the participants in one sample have no influence over the participants in another sample.

Mean

The average of a set of numbers, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the number of values.