cell bio lect 1 nso

What are the general features of eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, larger size, and are more complex compared to prokaryotic cells.

What are the main components found in the cytoplasm?

The cytoplasm contains cytosol, organelles, and inclusions.

What is the role of the nucleus?

The nucleus serves as the control center, storing hereditary material and coordinating the cell's activities.

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum, and how do they differ?

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is involved in protein modification, while Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and synthesizes lipids.

What is the function of lysosomes?

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down materials, such as food molecules and foreign particles.

What is the significance of the Golgi apparatus?

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell.

What is the primary function of mitochondria?

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing ATP through energy-releasing reactions.

What is the structure of chloroplasts?

Chloroplasts have a double membrane enclosing stroma and thylakoids that capture solar energy for photosynthesis.

Describe the components and function of chromatin.

Chromatin is the cell's collection of DNA and associated proteins, packaging DNA into units for cell division.

What are microfilaments and their role in the cell?

Microfilaments assist with cell movement and maintain the shape of the cell, made of actin protein.