Essay plans psych bio

Techniques in studying topic sentences

Discuss: mri is a functional imaging technique that allows phys and anatomical parts to be observed, including abnormalities and structures such as density of gray matter.

MRI can also be used to compare brain structure before and after given tasks for differences, such as neuroplasticity

High eco validity

Low pop validity - sample size, young age of participants

Techniques in studying research evaluation holistic

• use of objective methods to interpret MRI scan data to minimize researcher bias

• Concerns about validity of relationship established. Bidirectional ambiguity OR impact of extraneous variables (London taxi driver, outside practice)

Localization of function topic sentences

Strict localization is the idea that… ex: hippocampus and memory

Another example….

Limited ability to generalize due to pop validity - HM

High eco validity based on naturally occurring variable - Maguire

Localization of function holistic eval research

Use of control to promote internal validity / credibility (single blind Maguire, method triangulation HM)

Limited ability to establish causal relationships (bidirectional ambiguity, impact of extraneous variables for HM)

Neuroplasticity topic sentence

Structural neuroplasticity refers to when brain changes usually in response to growth experience learning…

The brain may also change in response to experience / environmental demands which is shown in…

Draganski - quantitative data produced / evidence

Maguire - difficult to establish causal relationship

Neuroplasticity holistic research evaluation

High eco validity - field and quasi

Potential confounds and extraneous variables - esp in longitudinal studies

Population validity (both specific)

Neurotransmitters topic sentence

Neurotransmitters may have an excitatory effect… ach may have excitatory effect on encoding new knowledge…

Antagonist is a substance… scopolamine….

High internal validity due to procedural controls, low eco validity bc injection…

Nt holistic eval research

able to establish causal relationships bc able to manipulate nt levels

Limited external validity due to population validity

Hormones topic sentence

Hormones may influence human behaviors in regards to attachment, particularly oxytocin…

Oxytocin hormone is said to also have an effect on men in particular…

One strength is use of single blind procedure

One limitation is participant variability as a possible confound

Hormones holistic research eval

Use of placebo to account for potential extraneous

Extraneous variables difficult to account for such as attractiveness

Ethical considerations of deception and debrief

Pheromones topic sentence

one effect of AND on human behavior is promoting the mood of females / strength is able to manipulate artificially / internal validity - same method of administering, order effect

Another effect is influencing rapid behavioral processes such as mating / limited ability to predict / limited population validity (really dependent on age groups)

Pheromones holistic eval research

Replicability

eco validity in administering

Possible confounds such as attractiveness of experimenter