EXAM 2 P8

Among the microorganisms, various genomes can include _________

All of the choices are correct(chromosomes, plasmids, M+C DNA)

______ is all of the genetic material of a cell.

genome

Each _________ is a specific segment of the DNA with the code for production of one functional product.

gene

The expression of genetic traits is the _________

phenotype

All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases except _________

guanine pairs with uracil

Each nucleotide is composed of _________

1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous base, and 1 sugar

Base pairs in DNA are held together by _________ bonds.

hydrogen

The duplication of a cell's DNA is called _________

replication

During replication, each parent DNA strand serves as a _________ for synthesis of new DNA strands.

template

Semiconservative replication refers to _________

an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule

The enzymes that can proofread replicating DNA, detect incorrect bases, excise them, and correctly replace them are _________

DNA polymerases

The site where the old DNA strands separate and new DNA strands will be synthesized is called the _________

replication fork

Helicase _________

unzips DNA

A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called _________

mutation

For DNA replication, a primer of _________ is needed at the origin of nucleotide addition

RNA

Three consecutive bases in the DNA of a gene represent the code for one _________

amino acid

A three base sequence on mRNA is called a/an _________

codon

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called _________

transfer RNA

Which molecule is synthesized as a copy of a gene on the DNA template strand?

Messenger RNA

The nontranscribed region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is called the _________

promoter