Demographic Transition Model Flashcards

Flashcards for Demographic Transition Model Review

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A model that categorizes a country's population growth rates and economic development through stages.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The number of births per 1000 people in a year.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The number of deaths per 1000 people in a year.

Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

Crude birth rate minus crude death rate.

Stage 1 of DTM: High Stationary

Characterized by high birth and death rates, high infant mortality, subsistence farming, and poor hygiene. No country is currently in this stage.

Stage 2 of DTM: Early Expanding

Characterized by high CBR and rapidly declining CDR due to advancements in agriculture and medicine, periphery countries.

Stage 3 of DTM: Late Expanding

Characterized by rapidly declining CBR and declining CDR due to increased urbanization, industrialization, and women gaining more rights; semi-periphery countries.

Stage 4 of DTM: Low Stationary

Characterized by low CBR and CDR; fully developed nations with a high cost of living, leading to zero population growth; mostly core countries.

Stage 5 of DTM: Declining

Characterized by very low CBR below CDR, leading to a population decrease; developed nations; concerns about costs for caring for the elderly; core countries.

Rapid decline in CDR

Occurs in Stage 2 due to advancements in agriculture, medicine, and sanitation.

Manufacturing

Occurs in Stage 2 and Stage 3.

CBR is very low and the death rate is low

Stage 4

Advancements in agricultural technology

Leads to surplus food in Stage 2.

Service economies

Stages 4 and 5.

High CBR and CDR

Stage 1

Zero population growth

Stage 4

Why CBR rapidly declines in Stage 3

Increased urbanization, industrialization, and women gaining rights.

Stage when infant mortality rate is dramatically reduced

Stage 3

When the CBR is rapidly declining and CDR is declining

Stage 3