simple machines physics 24

Machine

A device with moving parts that work together to accomplish a task (does work).

Simple Machine

An unpowered mechanical device that accomplishes a task with only one movement.

Lever

A stiff structure that rotates around a fixed point called a fulcrum.

Fulcrum

The point on which a lever rests or is supported and on which it pivots.

Single fixed pulley

A pulley that has a fixed axis of rotation; only one pulley. MA=1

Block & Tackle

A system of two or more pulleys with a rope or cable threaded between them. MA=2

Ramp/Inclined Plane

Consists of a sloping surface used for raising heavy objects. With an inclined plane, you apply less force for a longer distance.

Mechanical Advantage

Number of times you multiply the input force (how much a tool strengthens a force).

Input force

The amount of effort exerted on a simple machine to make it complete a task.

Output force

Resistance or load; weight being lifted. The force the machine applies to the object you are trying to move.

Input distance

The distance through which the input force acts in a machine.

Output distance

The distance through which the output force is exeterted.

First-class lever

The fulcrum lies between the force and the load.

Second class lever

Fulcrum on one end, weight in the middle, and force applied on the other end.

Third class lever

The fulcrum is at one end, the force is applied in the middle, and the weight is on the other end.