Gene Expression

Gene Expression

The process of using a gene to produce a protein.

Regulation of Gene Expression

Ensures that correct proteins are made at the right time and place, prevents wasteful production, and allows cells to adapt to changes.

Chromatin Modification

The chemical or structural alteration of DNA that regulates gene expression.

Transcription

The main stage where gene expression is controlled, involving the synthesis of mRNA from DNA.

Translation

The process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Post-transcriptional Modification

The processing of mRNA before translation.

Regulatory Proteins

Proteins that bind to DNA and control transcription; includes activators and repressors.

Activators

Regulatory proteins that enhance transcription by facilitating RNA polymerase binding to the promoter.

Repressors

Regulatory proteins that inhibit transcription by blocking RNA polymerase.

Basal Factors

Proteins that help RNA polymerase position at the start of the gene.

Enhancers

DNA regions that help loop DNA to bring activators closer to the transcription complex.

Post-translational Modifications

Modifications made to proteins after synthesis for proper function.