Topic: 2.15 - Vocabulary

Administrative Procedures Act (1946)

A US federal law that governs the process by which administrative agencies of the federal government propose and establish regulations. It ensures public participation, transparency, and fairness in the rulemaking process.

Sunshine Act (1976)

Requires transparency in U.S. federal government meetings. Mandates open discussions, public notice, and availability of meeting minutes. Enhances public access to decision-making processes. Aims to prevent secret deliberations and promote accountability.

Legislative veto

A mechanism that allows the legislature to reject or modify executive actions or decisions. It helps maintain a balance of power between the branches of government.

Whistleblower Protection Act (1989)

• Legislation enacted to protect employees who report wrongdoing or misconduct within their organizations.

• Provides legal safeguards against retaliation, such as termination or demotion, for individuals who disclose information in the public interest.

• Encourages transparency and accountability in both the public and private sectors.

• Establishes procedures for reporting and investigating whistleblower complaints.

• Aims to protect the rights and integrity of individuals who expose illegal activities or threats to public safety.

Rulemaking

The process by which government agencies create, amend, or repeal regulations. It involves public notice, opportunity for public comment, and consideration of feedback before finalizing rules. .

Red tape

It refers to excessive bureaucracy and administrative procedures that hinder efficiency and delay decision-making in government. It often involves unnecessary paperwork, complex regulations, and rigid processes that can impede progress and frustrate individuals and businesses.

Bureaucratic implementation

It refers to the process of translating laws and policies into action within a bureaucratic organization. It involves the execution, administration, and enforcement of rules and regulations by government agencies.

NASA

An independent agency of the US government responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research.

National Security Council (NSC)

A U.S. government agency responsible for advising the President on matters of national security and foreign policy. Composed of high-level officials, including the President, Vice President, Secretary of Defense, and Secretary of State. Aims to coordinate and integrate national security policies to protect the country's interests.

Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

Federal agency responsible for assisting the President in preparing the budget, evaluating agency performance, and overseeing regulatory policies.

Congressional Budget Office (CBO)

• Nonpartisan agency that provides budgetary and economic analysis to Congress.

• Assists in making informed decisions on fiscal policies.

• Estimates costs of proposed legislation.

• Projects economic and budgetary outlooks.

• Helps ensure transparency and accountability in government spending.

White House Office

A group of advisors and staff members who assist the President in carrying out their duties. They provide advice on policy matters, manage the President's schedule, and coordinate with other government agencies.

Committee hearings

Formal meetings held by committees in Congress to gather information, examine legislation, and conduct oversight. Witnesses are invited to testify and provide insights on the topic at hand. Members of Congress ask questions and discuss the issues. Hearings play a crucial role in the legislative process.