WSU Bio 315 Lab Exam 1

Cranial cavity

Where is the brain

Calvaria

The "skull cap"

Cranial Base

The floor of the cranial cavity

Anterior Cranial Fossa

Top

Middle Cranial Fossa

Middle

Posterior Cranial Fossa

Bottom, back of head

Orbits

"Eye sockets"

Nasal cavities

Space where nose is

Bony nasal septum

Line down center, divides

Piriform aperture

Piriform = pear shaped

Outside/outline of nose

Hard palate

Roof of mouth, "brain freeze"

Zygomatic arch

Bone in cheek

Infratemporal fossa

Space behind zygomatic arch

Coronal Suture

Corona = crown, where crown would sit on head, side to side front

Lambdoidal Suture

Shaped like the Greek letter lambda, curved back

Sagittal Suture

Sagittarius is the archer--think of an arrow, straight down center, cuts in half

Squamous Suture

Scaly (like fish), side of skull, where ear would be

Supraorbital Margin

Above eye

Parietal Bones

Top of head

Occipital Bone

Back of head

External Occipital Protuberance

Occipital Condyles

Articulate with the first cervical vertebra, bumps on back, smooth

Nuchal lines

Nucha = nape of neck, back side

Mastoid Process

Behind zygomatic processes

Styloid Process

Pointy, medial anterior

Zygomatic Process

Back of cheek

Petrous Portion

Pinch, drop-off between steps 2 and 3, contains ear organs of hearing and balance

Mandibular Fossa

Depression for mandible to sit

Crista Galli

"cock's comb," ridge on top

Cribriform Plate

Plate holes

Perpendicular Plate

Helps form the bony nasal septum, hook

Orbital Plate

Medial wall of orbit, flat surfaces, smooth

Superior and Middle Conchae

S= small inside

M= below superior

Greater Wing

Curved structures, lateral

Lesser wing

Pointy, smaller, medial

Sella Turcica

Saddle in center

Pterygoid Processes

Legs of the butterfly; 2 below wings

Medial and Lateral Plates

M= plates on inside, smaller

L= wings that are further out

Body of Mandible

All teeth

Dental Aveoli

"Tooth sockets"

Angle of the Mandible

Curve up, where it turns

Ramus of the Mandible

Straight up

Coronoid Process

Dolphin closer to teeth

Condylar process

Further back, blob on back

Head of Mandible

Articulates with temporal bone = temporomandibular joint, blob

Mandibular Notch

"U" shape in center

Body of Maxilla

Where facial hair is

Infraorbital Margin

Below eyes

Palatine Process

Part of the hard palate, anterior 2/3

Temporal Process

Backwards to temporal bone

Horizontal Plate of Palatine Bones

"H" shape, crossbar of H

Perpendicular Plate of Palatine Bones

In lateral wall of nasal cavity, up and down, sides of "H"

Inferior Nasal Conchae

Bumps, inside of eyes, small

Vomer

Makes up part of the bony nasal septum

Supraorbital Foramen

Indent above eye, small groove in frontal bone

Infraorbital Foramen

Opening under eye

Mental Foramen

2 openings on chin

Optic Canal

Most medial hole in orbit

Superior Orbital Fissure

Top corner of optic; butterfly

Inferior Orbital Fissure

Bottom lateral corner of optic

External Acoustic Meatus

Ear hole

Cribriform Foramina

Foramen Rotundum

Left side hole

Foramen Ovale

oval; biggest hole

Foramen Spinosum

Lateral to foramen ovale, smallest

Foramen Lacerum

Jagged edge, most posterior

Internal Acoustic Meatus

Jugular Foramen

throat, looks like a "J"

Hypoglossal Canal

Under jugular foramen

Foramen Magnum

Anterior, tiny holes

Opening of Carotid Canal

Carotid Canal

Internal carotid artery

Incisive Fossa

Behind upper incisor teeth

Greater Palatine Foramen

Near upper molar teeth; back of mouth

Mandibular Foramen

Internal surface of mandible; where spring is attached

Frontal Sinuses

Paired; rarely equal in size

Maxillary Sinuses

Largest, smooth area

Sphenoidal Sinuses

Paired, big holes

Ethmoid Air Cells

Above sinus

Anterior Fontanelle

"Soft spot" on infant's head, where sutures meet

Posterior Fontanelle

Where sutures meet

Sphenoid Fontanelle

Sutures meet on temporal bone

Mastoid Fontanelle

Above mastoid process, bump

Hyoid Bone

Greater and Lesser Horns

For tongue and neck muscle attachments

Cervical Vertebrae (7)

Upper neck/back

Thoracic Vertebrae (12)

Middle back

Lumbar Vertebrae (5)

Lower back

Sacrum

Coccyx

Thoracic Kyphosis

Hump back

Sacral Kyphosis

Cervical Lordosis

Lumbar Lordosis

Vertebral Canal

Intervertebral Foramina

Hole between vertebrae

Laminae

"roof"

Pedicles

"walls"

Spinous Process

Transverse Processes

Stick out