Separate Chemistry II

What is the molecular formula for methanol?

CH3OH

What is the molecular formula for ethanol?

CH3CH2OH

What is the molecular formula for propanol?

CH3CH2CH2OH

What is the molecular formula for butanol?

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

What is the functional group of alcohols?

-OH

What is the formula for the complete combustion of methanol with oxygen?

2CH3OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O

What is the formula of the dehydration of ethanol to form ethene and water?

C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O

What is ethanol oxidised to?

Ethanoic acid

What is required for the dehydration of alcohols?

A hot aluminium oxide catalyst.

What is a slow process that uses sugar to produce ethanol?

Fermentation

What is the formula for the fermentation of sugar?

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

What are the 5 conditions needed for fermentation?

Yeast, water, no oxygen, 20-30 degrees and sugar.

Why is 20-30 degrees used during fermentation?

It ensures optimum temperature for enzymes to operate

What is the concentration produced from fermentation?

15%

How is ethanol separated from a liquid?

Fractional Distillation

How is ethanol produced from a faster process?

Reacting ethene with steam.

What is the formula for producing ethanol by reacting ethene with steam?

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

What does the production of ethanol by reacting ethene with steam require?

High temperatures and pressures.

What would the catalyst be made of, to ensure a faster reaction?

Phosphoric acid

What can alcohol be used for?

Cosmetics, perfumes and biofuel.