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Athenian Military
trained, but only until 18-20
Spartan military
trained from young age, until age of 60
Greek Pottery Art
Used to trade, write, and decorate (vases)
Zeus
King of the Gods
Apollo
God of the sun and music
Demeter
Goddess of Agriculture
Hera
Queen of the Gods
Athena
Goddess of Wisdom
Ares
God of War
Hephaestus
God of the forge
Helots
Government owned slaves of Sparta
Troy
A city and main location of the Illiad, where trojan war started
Myceneans
One of the two first civilizations in Greece, influenced the Aegean region and helped shape later cultures.
Minoans
One of the two first civilization, traded many things over sea.
Women’s rights
Athens had very limited rights, while Spartan women trained. both had little education
Greek Geography
little flat land, peninsulas and mountains
Oracles
A female priest of Apollo who could give answers/advice
Cleisthenes
An Athenian ruler who made their democracy, disliked aristocracy while also overthrowing it
Draco
created a new set of laws for Athens, which were all really harsh order.
Pericles
An Athenian leader who helped spread democracy, encouraged more citizens to participate in government
Solon
Overthrew Draco and invented better laws and gave more rights to non-aristocrats
Peisistratus
Overthrew the oligarchy in Athens, A “tyrant” who unified Athens, brought piece and prosperity to the city
Homer
Wrote the Illiad and Oddssey
Euripides
A playwright who called out flaws or weaknesses of gods or government, focuses on dark themes like revenge or suffering ,best known for his play Medea
Aeshechylus
a playwright who changed how they were written
Aristophanes
used comedy to make serious points about war, courts of law, famous people
Sophocles
A playwright who introduced dramatic irony, made his dialogue and plot more complex, famous for the Oedipus Rex
Plato
Created a school called The Academy which was where philosophers come to discuss ideas, wrote The Republic, thought society should be ruled by philosophers
Aristotle
a philosopher who helped spread and influence the balance in life, taught people to use ordered thinking, Plato’s student
Aesop
An author famous for his fables
Lycurgus
created Spartans soical system after a slave revolt.
Leonidas
A Greek king of Sparta
Crete
And island south of Aegean
Parthenon
A temple of Athena where it contains her statue
Pantheon
Rome’s greatest temple
Archimedes
famous mathematicians and physicist made the water screw
The Academy
The school that Plato built, was a place where students, philosophers, and scientists discussed and study.
Hippocrates
A doctor who wanted to better understand diseases, famous greek doctor
Pythagoras
The creator of the Pythagorean theorem
Euclid
A mathematician, famous for his geometry, Euclidean geometry
Thales
A mathematician of Geometry, made 5 theorems
Herodotus
A Greek historian, credited as the author of a great piece of writing that told the history of the Persian Wars
Thucydides
early historian, had a history of the Peloponnesian War
Xenophon
studied Socrates and wrote a story about an average day for someone in Athens
Gaea
The Earth, primordial goddess, part of the first two deities of the world
Aphrodite
Goddess of Love and Beauty
Delian League
An alliance formed by Athens to fight Sparta
Peloponnesian War
a war between Athens and Sparta
Peloponnesian League
An alliance formed by Sparta to fight Athens
Agora
The center of a city
Polis
City-State
Acropolis
fortress (walls)
Medea
A character in a play (and a play by Euripides)
Direct Democracy
a government involving citizen participation
Representative Democracy
A government involving chosen representatives
Oligarchy
A small group of people running a government