Social Studies (Core) Keywords

Norms

Expected patterns of behaviour in soceity.

Values

Principles and beliefs of society

Mores

Norms, values and customs.

Role

Behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status

Socioeconomic status

Groups defined according to wealth or income

Marriage

A legal binding contract between two people without the distinction as to their set, to the exclusion of all others.

Monogamy

Marriage to only one person at a time

Bigamy

Entering a second marriage while still legally married to another.

Serial Monogamy

Individuals marry several people, but one at a time.

Polygamy

Having more than one spouse at the same time.

Polygyny

A man having two or more wives at the same time

Polyandry

A woman has more than one husband.

Fraternal polyandry

husbands are brothers

consanguinity

blood relationship

affinity

relationship by marriage

Caste

a social class determined by birth

Matriarchal

family ruled by a woman such as a mother, grandmother, or aunt

Patriarchal

relating to a society in which men hold the greatest legal and moral authority

spouse

husband or wife

Patrilocal

living in the home area of the husband

Matrilocal

living in home area of the wife

Neolocal

living in the new, neutral location. Most common tendency in modern-day society

Sucession

links to inheritance

offspring

legal term for persons children

society

A community of people who share a common culture

Socialisation

The process of acquiring values, attitudes and behaviours through interacting with others.

Culture

Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.

Kinship

blood relationship

egalitarian

promoting equal rights for all people

ascribed status

a position an individual either inherits at birth or receives involuntarily later in life

achieved status

A social position that a person attains largely through his or her own efforts

social institutions

patterns of beliefs so well established they are accepted by all e.g. marriage or having children

family of procreation

nuclear family established when one marries and has children

family of orientation

the family group in which one is born, grows up, and develops life skills

family of affinity

People with or without legal or blood ties who feel they belong together and want to define themselves as a family e.g. friends

nuclear family

a couple and their dependent children, regarded as a basic social unit.

Lone parent family

Family consisting of one parent living with one or more of their children.

blended family

consists of a biological parent, a stepparent, and the children of one or both parents

extended family

a family that extends beyond the nuclear family, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and other relatives, who all live nearby or in one household.

Same sex family

two same sex parents and their children

Secular

Non-religious

cohabit

To live with an unrelated person—typically a romantic partner—to whom one is not married.

annulled

to make void or null; abolish; cancel; invalidate

maintenance

provision of financial support of a spouse and dependent children

decree

an official order enforced by the law

legal/civil annulment

got by couples who married in civil and church ceremonies. Needs to be granted so either spouse can remarry. Recognises the marriage was invalid.

Decree of Judicial Separation

Couple cannot agree on terms of separation/ only one spouse wants to separate. Application is made to court.

Church annulment

got by couples who married in a church recognising the marriage is not valid. No legal standing, if want to remarry must get a legal annulment.

Divorce

declaration by the court that a valid marriage has come to an end

Nullity of marriage

declaration that a marriage never existed.

Role

behaviour expected of someone who holds a particular status

responsibility

duties and activities that an individual carries out as part of their role.

Gender

male or female

gender roles

Expected forms of behaviour from men and women in society

generalisations

sweeping statements presented as truth with little evidence

Ageism

Discrimination based on age

Discrimination

unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice

prejudice

pre-formed/ pre-judgement opinion based on stereotypes

stereotype

a widely held but fixed idea of a particular type of person or thing. e.g. baby boys wear blue, baby girls wear pink.

statutory

government based organisations

voluntary

non- state/government organisations

National Disability Authority (NDA)

Statutory: Provides info to government on policy. Promotes universal design so easy access for all.

Special Schools

Statutory: Cater for specific needs: smaller classes, specially trained teachers, specialist equipment.

Rehab

Voluntary: charity celebrating diversity and promotes inclusion. Offers training through National Learning Network to help gain employment. Offers respite care

respite care

planned short-term care, usually for the purpose of relieving a full-time informal caregiver

generational conflict

exists when beliefs or values change from one generation to another

AgeAction

Voluntary: Promotes independence for elderly. Assists in DIY, home visits for support.

Alone Ireland

Voluntary: Be-friend programme offers social interaction to help those living alone.

Active Retirement Ireland

Empowers retired people to make most free time. Activities to help adjust to slow pace of life and avoid feeling lonely

Enable Ireland

Voluntary: partners with people who have disabilities to achieve maximum independence. Provide educational supports, early years supports for kids with developmental delays and respite care.

Family Law (Maintenance of Spouses and

Children) Act 1976

Entitles dependent spouse and children to claim financial support from the other spouse. Dependent child is anyone u18/u23 in full time education.

Family Home Protection Act 1976 (amended 1995)

protects family home- stops one spouse from selling, mortgaging or transferring ownership without consent from other spouse

Domestic Violence Act 2018

Domestic violence is any form of physical, sexual or psychological violence that puts the safety or welfare of a person at risk.

It protects any person who lives in an intimate relationship (cohabit/dating) from violence, threatening behaviour or creation of fear.

Safety Order

Prevents use of, or threat of violence. The person does not have to leave the family home. It can last from one to five years. If couples live apart the order prevents watching or being near the family home.

Barring Order

A court order which states that offenders of domestic violence must leave the family home and not return or even contact the family until further notice. It can last for three years.

Protection Order

A temporary safety order that protects individual/family until case is heard at court. The offender can still live in the family home but cannot instigate violence

Judicial Separation Act 1989

Allows a couple to separate legally under certain conditions. It ends the marriage in legal terms through courts granting Decree of Divorce.

Family Law Divorce Act 1996

A law indicating grounds for divorce in Ireland. It specifies that spouses must have lived apart for 2 out of the previous 3 years with no chance of reconciliation. Proper provision must be made for dependent members of the family. Succession rights are void for spouses (not entitled to inheritance from each other once divorced)

Childcare Act 2016

This act makes provision for the care and protection of all children, and is enforced by an Garda Síochána and the Child and Family Agency (Tusla). If either body is concerned for a child's safety, they must apply to courts before child removed from family home.

Childcare Act: Care Order

allows removal of a child from the family home to be placed in care. Emergency Care Order lasts 8 days, Standard Care Order can last until child is 18.

Childcare Act: Supervision Order

Allows personnel from Tusla to visit a child at their home periodically to monitor their health and welfare.

Succession Act 1965

If a person dies without leaving a will their estate will be distributed (divided) according to this Act.

A Will

A written document declaring how a person wishes his or her property/estate to be distributed after death

Testator

a person who makes a will

beneficiary

Person who benefits from the will e.g. receive property, items.

executor

person who will guarantee that the wishes of the deceased are respected. (Will carried out)

guardian

one who protects

Trustee

Given legal authority to manage money or property on behalf of someone else