Hybridization in Chemistry

These flashcards cover the essential details of sp and sp² hybridization, including definitions, geometries, bond angles, and example molecules.

sp Hybridization

Mixing one s orbital and one p orbital to form two sp hybrid orbitals.

Geometry of sp hybridized atoms

Linear.

Bond angle in sp hybridization

180°.

Example of a molecule with sp hybridization

Acetylene (C₂H₂) – each carbon forms two sigma bonds using sp orbitals.

sp² Hybridization

Mixing one s orbital and two p orbitals to form three sp² hybrid orbitals.

Geometry of sp² hybridized atoms

Trigonal planar.

Bond angle in sp² hybridization

120°.

Example of a molecule with sp² hybridization

Ethene (C₂H₄) – each carbon forms three sigma bonds using sp² orbitals.