nutrition midterm study guide

According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges, what percentage of your daily calories should be provided by fat?

20-35%

Which of the following functions is the “sloshing” motion that thoroughly mixes chyme with the chemical secretions in the small intestine?

Segmentation

Which of the following types of health claims is based on evidence that is still emerging

Qualified health claims

Which of the following statements about aspartame is incorrect

Its trade name is Sweet N Low

If poorly managed, diabetes can increase the likelihood of all of the outcomes except

breast cancer

If you eat slowly, you may belch less frequently. True or false?

True

The sugar substitute aspartame is composed of two ____ acids

amino

Which of the following do not have acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges? 

Vitamins

Fats should comprise 20 to 45 percent of your daily intake of calories

false

Carbohydrates supply glucose, the simple sugar that body cells use as a major energy source. True or false?

True

Which of the following statements does not present a health benefit attributed to eating insoluble fiber?

It lowers the risk of developing kidney disease

anorexia affects is always associated with little eating. True or false?

false

Which of the following items is not a number one source of added sugars in the american diet

breakfast cereals

Which of the following carbohydrates is storage for of glucose in animals

glycogen

The claim “calcium builds strong bones” is an example of a health claim. True or false?

false

Being overweight puts a person at higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes, the most common type of diabetes. True or false?

true

Calculate the caloric value of one slice of bacon containing 10g of fat and insignificant ammounts of protein

90 cal

If a scientist wants to design an experiment to measure the effect of vitamin C on colds, which of the following would be an appropriate placebo?

A sugar pill that does not contain vitamin C

The secretion that raises pH and neutralizes stomach acid in chyme as it leaves the stomach bile. True or false?

false

A food labeled “calorie free” must have zero calories. True or false

false

Viscous soluble fiber helps to lower blood cholesterol levels by interfering with the reabsorption of -___ in the intestines

bile acids

Which of the following brings nutrient rich blood into of the liver

portal vein

epinephrine can stimulate __ to quickly flood the blood with glucose

glycogenolysis

Which of the following nutrients are not macronutrients

vitamins

The ‘gold standard” of research experiments is the double-blind, placebo controlled study. True or false

true

All the nutrients and phy

Oxidative phosphorylation does not require oxygen. tru

fat-soluble vitamins and fat leave the intestinal tract in the blood. true or false

false

bile

emulsifies fat

The ___ produces bile, whereas the ___ stores it

liver; gallbladder

The specific amounts of each nutrient that an individual needs to consume to maintain good health, prevent chronic diseases, and avoid unhealthy excesses are known as the

DRI’s

Which of the following actions is not appropriate for relieving constipation?

Drinking fewer fluids

There are no minimum daily requirements for the ingestion of carbohydrates in order to maintain adequate blood glucose levels. True or false

false

A double blind placebo controlled study is

research in which neither the subjects nor the scientists know which group received the treatment and which group received a placebo

What percentage of American adults are considered obese?

35%

You should eat equal proportions of fruits, grains, vegetables, protein, and dairy every day. True or false

false

Americans need to consume more

fruits and vegetables

Insulin can direct the conversion of excess glucose into fat.True or false

true

The cell gains 36 ATP molecules from the aerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule. True or false

False

carbohydrates digestion begins in the 

mouth

The glycogen stored in meat and poultry is a significant source of calories in our diet. True or false

false

Alcohol is an essential nutrient because it contains energy. True or false

false

Chemical digestion involves chewing and grinding food. True or false

false

The __ refers to the measured upward rise, peak, and eventual fall of blood glucose following the consumption of a carbohydrate-intense food

glycemic index

The three types of claims on food products are nutrient content claims, health claims, and structure/function claims. true or false

true

The incidence of anorexia is increasing due to the media and social pressures. True or false?

true

Which of the following sugar substitutes was removed by the National Toxicology Program from the list of substances that could potentially cause cancer?

Saccharin

The DRI’s are listed on the nutrition facts panel to help consumers make wise choices. True or false

False

A complete glucose breaks down in aerobic condition providing __ per each molecule of glucose

30 ATP’s