Population and Demographic Transition Model

What is CBR?

Crude Birth Rate (Live births per 1000 people per year)

What is CDR?

Crude Death Rate (deaths per 1000 people per year)

What is NIR?

Natural Increase Rate (The percentage growth of a population in a year)

What is TFR?

Total Fertility Rate (The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.)

What is IMR?

Infant Mortality Rate (The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.)

What characterizes Stage 1 of Demographic Transition Model

Both birth rates and death rates are high (pre-industrial societies)

What characterizes Stage 2 of Demographic Transition Model

Death rates begin to decline (improvements in healthcare, food supply, and sanitation)

What characterizes Stage 3 of Demographic Transition Model

Birth rates start to decline (access to education and family planning)

What characterizes Stage 4 of Demographic Transition Model

Both birth rates and death rates are low (developed countries)

What characterizes Stage 5 of Demographic Transition Model

Population growth becomes negative (population declines, aging populations)

Life Expectancy...

Increases as a country progresses through the Demographic Transition Model (improvements in healthcare and living conditions)

At what stage is the Natural Increase Rate the highest?

Stage 2 (when death rates fall but birth rates remain high)

How does Total Fertility Rate change from Stage 2 to 3

Decreases (changes in family size preferences)

How does Infant Mortality Rate change as a country advances?

Decreases as a country progresses through the Demographic Transition Model (improvements in healthcare and nutrition)

What stage are most developing countries in today?

Stage 2 or 3 (countries still experiencing population growth)

What economic change occurs between stages 2 and 3?

Industrialization (economic development affects family size)

What Social change decrease birth rates in Stage 3

Increased education and employment opportunities for women (influences family size decisions)

Which factor is NOT typically associated with moving from Stage 1 to Stage 2?

Increased birth rates

In Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model, both birth rates and death rates are:

High

Which of these countries is likely in Stage 2: Nigeria or Germany?

Nigeria

In Stage 3 of the Demographic Transition Model, birth rates start to:

Decline

In Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model, both birth rates and death rates are:

Low

In Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model, death rates begin to:

Decline