units 1, 2, and 3

abominate

to have an intense dislike or hatred for

acculturation

the modification of the social patterns, traits, or structures of one group or society by contact with those of another

adventitious

resulting from chance; accidental

ascribe

to assign or refer to; attribute

circuitous

roundabout, not direct

commiserate

to sympathize with, have pity or sorrow for, share a feeling of distress

enjoin

to direct or order; to prescribe a course of action in an authoritative way; to prohibit

expedite

to make easy, cause to progress faster

expiate

to make amends, make up for

ferment

a state of great excitement, agitation, or turbulence

inadvertent

resulting from lack of attention; accidental

nominal

existing in name only, not real; too small to be taken seriously

noncommittal

not decisive or definite; unwilling to take a clear position

peculate

to steal something that has been given into one’s trust; to take improperly for one’s own use

proclivity

a natural habitual inclination or tendency

sangfroid

composure or coolness in trying circumstances

seditious

resistant to lawful authority

tenuous

thin, slender, not dense; lacking sharpness

vitriolic

bitter, sarcastic; highly caustic

wheedle

to use coaxing or flattery to gain some desired end

ameliorate

to improve, make better, correct a flaw or shortcoming

aplomb

poise, assurance, great self-confidence

bombastic

pompous or overblown in language; full of high-sounding words intended to conceal a lack of ideas

callow

drivel

saliva or mucus flowing from the mouth or nose; foolish, aimless talk or thinking; nonsense

epitome

a summary, condensed account; an instance that represents a larger reality

exhort

to urge strongly, advise earnestly

ex officio

by virtue of holding a certain office

infringe

to violate, trespass, go beyond recognized bounds

ingratiate

to make oneself agreeable and thus gain favor or acceptance by others (sometimes used in a critical or derogatory sense)

interloper

one who moves in where he or she is not wanted or has no right to be, an intruder

intrinsic

belonging to someone or something by its very nature, essential, inherent; originating in a bodily organ or part

inveigh

to make a violent attack in words, express strong disapproval

lassitude

weariness of body or mind, lack of energy

millennium

a period of one thousand years; a period of great joy

occult

secret, hidden from view; not detectable by ordinary means; mysterious, magical, uncanny

to hide, cover up; eclipse

permeate

to spread through, penetrate, soak through

precipitate

to fall as moisture; to bring about suddenly; to hurl down from a great height; to give distinct form to

characterized by excessive haste

stringest

strict, severe; rigorously or urgently binding or compelling; sharp or bitter to the taste

surmise

to think or believe without certain supporting evidence; to conjecture or guess

likely idea that lacks definite proof

approbation

the expression of approval or favorable opinion, praise

assuage

to make easier or milder, to relieve; to quiet, calm; to put an end to, appease, satisfy, quench

coalition

a combination, union, or merger for some specific purpose; coming together

decadence

decline, decay, or deterioration; a condition or period of decline or decay

elicit

to draw forth, bring out from some source (such as another person)

expostulate

to attempt to dissuade someone from some course or decision by earnest reasoning

hackneyed

used so often as to lack freshness or originality

hiatus

a gap, opening, break

innuendo

a hint, indirect suggestion, or reference

intercede

to plead on behalf of someone else; to serve as a third party or go-between in a disagreement

jaded

wearied, worn-out, dulled

lurid

causing shock, horror, or revulsion; sensational; pale or sallow in color; terrible or passionate in intensity or lack of restraint

meritorious

worthy, deserving recognition and praise

petulant

peevish, annoyed by trifles, easily irritated and upset

prerogative

a special right or privilege; a special quality showing excellence

provincial

pertaining to an outlying area; local; narrow in mind or outlock

simulate

to make pretense of, imitate; to show the outer signs of

transcend

to rise above or beyond, exceed

umbrage

shade cast by trees; an overshadowing influence or power; offense, resentment

unctuous

excessively smooth or smug; trying too hard to give an impression of earnestness, sincerity, or piety; fatty, oily; pliable