Cosmetology Anatomy Test

Anatomy

Which area of science involves the study of the organs and systems of the body?

Physiology

The study of the functions of the organs and systems of the body is known as?

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Membrane

What 3 basic parts are found in most human cells?

Nucleus

The control center of cell activities

Cytoplasm

Most of the activities of the cell take place where?

Anabolism

The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

Catabolism

The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions

Tissues

Groups of cells of the same kind make up what?

Cover and protect organs

What is the role of epithelial tissue?

Connective

Which type of tissue supports, protects, and holds the body together?

Muscular

The tissue that contracts, when stimulated, to produce motion

Organ

A separate body structure that is composed of two or more different tissues

Brain

The organ that controls all body functions

Liver

The organ responsible for removing toxic byproducts of digestion

Eliminates waste products

The primary function of the excretory system

Joint

The point at which two or more bones are joined together

Skeletal

Which system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs

Legs

Long bones are found where?

Crown and sides of head

The parietal bones form what?

Occipital

The bone that forms the back of the skull, indenting above the nape area

Mandible

The bone that makes up the lower jaw, largest bone of facial skeleton

Wrist

The 8 carpals held together with ligaments make up what?

metacarpals

The 5 long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand

Fibula

The outer and narrower of the 2 lower leg bones, extending from the knee to the ankle

Muscles

Myology is the study of the structure, function and diseases of the?

Voluntary

Th salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands, and arms

Non striated

Which type of muscle responds automatically to control various body functions?

Back

The occipitalis muscle is located at the nape of the neck and draws the scalp?

Orbicularis Oris

The muscle that circles the mouth and is responsible for contracting, puckering, and wrinkling the lips (kissing or whistling)

Temporalis, Masseter

The coordination of which two muscles enable the body to perform chewing (mastication)

Trapezius

The muscles that aids in drawing the head back and elevating the shoulder blades

Supinator

The muscle that turns the palm of the hand up

Extensor

Which muscle straightens the fingers and waist

Cardiovascular

The body system responsible for circulation of the blood, including the heart, aterieries, veins, and capillaries

Blood

What is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body, bringing nourishment and oxygen to all parts of the body

Erythrocytes

What is another name for red blood cells

White blood cells

Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances

Arteries

Thick-walled vessels that carry pure blood from the heart through the body

General circulation

The process of blood traveling from the heart, throughout the body and back to the heart

Back of head

The occipital artery supplies blood where?

External maxillary

Which artery supplies blood to the lower portion of the face, including the mouth and nose

Parietal

Which artery supplies blood to the crown and sides of the head

Lymph vascular

A subsystem of the circulatory system responsible for distributing white blood cells to help develop immunity

Autonomic

The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and what?

Central ns

The brain, spinal cord, and spinal and cranial nerves make up what?

Spinal cord

Which crucial part of the central nervous system is composed of long nerve fibers and originates in the base of the brain and extends to the base of the spine?

Peripheral and nervous

What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body

Sensory

Motor nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles are called what?

Facial nerve

The primary motor nerve of the face

Autonomic ns

The digestive, respiratory and circulatory system are controlled by what?

Digestive

The system that breaks down food to be easily absorbed by cells or to become waste products

Endocrine

Hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels are controlled by what system?

Cells

Basic units of living matter

Cytoplasm

Where most of cell's activities take place

Membrane

Encloses the protoplasm

Metabolism

When cells receive nutrients for cell growth and reproduction

Mitosis

When cells grow in size and then divide

Anabolism

The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

Catabolism

Process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones

Epithelial

Tissue that covers and protects body surfaces and internal organs

Nerve tissue

Coordinates body functions in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

Liquid tissue

Carries food, waste products and hormones

Heart

Organ that circulates the blood

Kidneys

Organ that eliminates water and waste products

Muscular

System that moves the body

Circulatory

System that circulates blood through body

Nervous

System that sends and receives body's messages

Digestive

System that supplies food to the body

Excretory

System that eliminates waste from the body

Respiratory

System that controls breathing of the body

Endocrine

System that controls growth and general health and reproduction of the body

Reproductive

System that allows living organisms to procreate

206

How many bones are in the human body?

Osteology

Study of bones

2/3 mineral, 1/3 organic

What kind of matter is bone consist of?

Flat bones

What kind of bones are located in skull, scapula and sternum

Irregular

What kind of bones are found in the wrist, ankle, and back

8

How many bones are in the cranium

14

How many bones are in the facial skeleton

Frontal

Bone that extends from top of eyes to top of head to form forehead

Parietal

2 bones that form the crown and upper sides of the head

Occipital

Forms back of the skull, indents above nape area

Temporal

2 bones located on either side of the head, directly above the ears

Sphenoid

Bone located behind the nose and eyes, connects all bones of the cranium

Ethmoid

Spongy bone between the eyes that forms part of the nasal cavity

Mandible

Lower jaw bone, largest bone in facial skeleton

Maxillae

2 bones of the upper jaw

Nasal

2 bones that form to form the bridge of the nose

Zygomatic

2 bones that form the upper cheek, bottom of eye socket

Lacrimal

Smallest 2 bones of the facial skeleton and form the front part of the inner, bottom wall of the eye socket

Turbinal

2 spongy bones that form the sides of the nasal cavity

Vomer

Bone in the center of the nose that divides the nasal cavity

Palatine

2 bones that form the roof of the mouth

Cervical vertebrae

7 bones that form the top of spinal column

Hyoid

U shaped bone at the base of the tongue

Thoracic vertebrae

12 vertebrae in the chest that form center region of the spine

Sternum

the breastbone, forms the middle of the front of the rib cage and is divided into three parts

Ribs

12 pairs of curved bones

Clavicle

Collarbone

Scapula

Shoulder blade