EALS-UNIVERSE AND SOLAR SYSTEM

Anaxgoras

He said that the moon is sphere shape

It shines by only half reflected sunlight at one time

Aristotle

He said that the earth is spherical

It cast or curved shadow when it eclipses the moon

Aristarchus

He professed the heliocentric

Helios-sun

Centric- center

Hipparchus

He determined the location of almost 850 stars which he divided into six group according to their brightness

He measured the length of the year to within the minutes

Claudius Ptolemy

He presented the geocentric model

He said that the earth is the center of the universe

Geo- earth

Centric- center

Modern astronomy

It was developed from religious and philosophical ideas of the great scientist

Nicolaus Copernicus

He adapted the theory of heliocentric

Sun is at the center of the universe

Tycho Brahe

He expressed the idea of stellar parallax

Stellar parallax is the distance between the star and earth

Johannes Kepler

The basic law of planetary motion

Law of ellipses

Law of equal areas

Law of hormones

Galileo Galilei

Greatest contribution was his first description of the moving object

Isaac Newton

Law of universal gravitation

Law of motion

Ancient astronomy

The greek used basic geometry and trigonometry to measure the sizes the distance of the sun and the moon

They believe that the earth is at the center of the universe and it's sphere shape. The moon, sun, and the planets are revolving around the earth

Universe

Enormous (malawak) empty space that holds small particles to the biggest galaxy

Big bang theory

About 13.8 billion years ago all current and past matter in the universe came into existence

All matters were compacted into very small ball with infinite density and intense heat known as singularity

The origin of the universe

Religious •Hebrew Bible- God created the universe

• Riqvecta- Hindi test( Bible ng mga India)

• Greek mythology

Philosophical • Big bang theory

• Hubble theory

Solar system

Groups of planets, moons, asteroids and comets

Nebular hypothesis

Hydrogen and other gases swirled around and condensed into our sun and planet

Most abundant

Fission theory

Proposed by george darwin

The sunburst open and the planet and the moon when to dare respective places and started orbiting the sun as the moon orbiting the planets

Lahat ng gagaling kay sun

Capture theory

Planets and moons were flying around and some captured by sun and began circling

Acceration theory

A pile of space dust and rock

Lahat ito pinagsama-sama na naging planet

Planetary collision theory

Our world collided with small planet

Stellar (stary)collision theory

Our planets, moons and Sun spuns off from the collision between stars

Gas cloud theory

Nagsama-sama ang gas and started swirling it and as the time goes by it form into planet

Terrestrial planet

-Rock metal

-High densities

-Slow in rotation

-Weak magnetic field

-Absence of rings

Planets

Mercury, venus, earth, mars

Jovian planet

Gases

Low densities

Fast rotation

Strong magnetic field

Many rings

Planets

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Sun

It is the star at the center of the solar system

Asteroid belt

Group of rocks that appears to have never join to form the planet

Comet

Dirty snowballs of dust and rock in methane, ammonia and ice

Astronomy

Natural science of celestial body and and all phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of the earth

Telescope

Optical instrument that helps recognize distant object

Invented by Hans Lippershey

Refracting telescope

Reflecting telescope

Two types of telescope

Refracting telescope

Invented by galileo

Provides view by looking through a less or series of lenses that focus on one eyepiece

Reflecting telescope

Invented by sir isaac newton

Provides view by focusing light through a concave mirror

Astrophysics

Celestial mechanics

Cosmology

Three branches of astronomy

Sun

It is the star at the center of the solar system

Sunspot

Dark spot

Granulation

grainy appearance

Faculae

bright spots in the surface of the sun

Pores

small sunspots

Prominences

Column of hot gas

Flares

Flashes of bright light that is visible on earth

Photosphere

Interior surface

Chromosphere

Middle layer

Atmosphere or corona

Outermost layer composed of carbon iron and rocky metals