Unit 2 AP Stats

frequency table

shows the counts in each category of data

relative frequency table

shows the percentages and proportions in each category of data

distribution

the ways the values of variables are spread out and displayed

bar chart

visual representation of distribution of categorical variable (showing the frequency of each category) with bars

pie chart

a chart that splits up a whole group of cases and divides it into multiple categories where size shows importance of group

contingency table

a table that displays the frequency distribution of 2 categorical variables

marginal distribution

a distribution that shows the distribution of one variable’s values, ignoring the values of all other variables in a dataset

conditional distribution

the probability distribution of a variable given the other variable takes on a specific condition

segmented bar chart

bar chart stacked on top of another displays the relationship between 2 categorical variables by dividing each bar into segments, where each segment’s length corresponds to the proportion or relative frequency of a category within the overall bar

Simpson’s Paradox

Correlation/trend observed in individual subgroups can disappear/reverse when subgroups are combined into a single dataset