meiosis quiz

What is meiosis?

Cell division that cuts the number of chromosomes in half resulting in gametes

What is genetic diversity?

The products are different from each other and the parent cell

What is the goal of meiosis?

To create genetic diversity and make our species stronger

What are homologous chromosomes?

Pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, that have the same genes and size

When does crossing over happen?

Prophase 1

What is crossing over?

Homologues lay their chromosome legs over each other and switch

What happens during meiosis?

Cells go through 1 round of replication and 2 rounds of division

What is the result of meiosis?

4 haploid cells

Each is different from each other and the original cell

What is spermatogenesis?

The production of sperm cells, forms 4 sperm

What is oogenesis?

Production of egg cells, forms 1 mature egg and 3 polar bodies

What is nondisjunction?

Chromosome fails to separate properly during meiosis, one gamete gets extra chromosome and other gets none

Nondisjunction: Monomy

There is 1 chromosome when there should be 2

Nondisjunction: Trisomy

There are 3 chromosomes when there should be 2

What is a karyotype?

Photographs the chromosomes in a dividing cell to detect mutations

How many pairs of autosomes does a human usually have?

22

What do karyotypes show?

Gender and if there is a mutation

What is the only survivable monosomy?

Turner’s syndrome - missing 1 x chromosome

Trisomy: Down’s Syndrome

Missing 21st chromosome

Trisomy: Klinefelter’s

Male with an extra x chromosome

Trisomy: Triplo x

Female with an extra x chromosome

Trisomy: Jacob’s Syndrome

Male with an extra y chromosome

Trisomy: Edward’s Syndrome

Has an extra 18th chromosome

Trisomy: Patau’s Syndrome

Has an extra 13th chromosome