introduction to disease and sanitation

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22 Terms

1
Disease
Any deviation from normal health.
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2
Types of disease
Infectious, non-infectious, and metabolic.
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3
Metabolic diseases
Conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol related to metabolism.
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4
Ghrelin
A hormone related to hunger that is released when blood sugar is low.
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5
Glucagon
Hormone that increases blood glucose levels, especially when sleeping.
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6
Microbes
Microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and microplasma.
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7
Infectious diseases
Diseases that often spread through feces and other bodily fluids, can spread rapidly.
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8
Asymptomatic carriers
Individuals who carry and can spread infectious diseases without showing symptoms.
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9
Peptidoglycan layer
A protective layer that develops in microbes to withstand unfavorable conditions.
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10
Clostridium
A genus of bacteria known for spore-forming ability, some species cause diseases.
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11
Non-infectious diseases
Diseases that are not contagious and cannot be spread between animals.
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12
Pandemic
An outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographical area.
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13
Epidemic
An outbreak of disease that affects many individuals in a specific area.
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14
Epizootic
An outbreak of disease in a specific state among animals.
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15
Sporadic disease
A disease that occurs infrequently, affecting single animals.
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16
Enzootic disease
A disease that is regularly found in a specific geographical area.
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17
Panzootic disease
A disease outbreak that occurs worldwide among animal populations.
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18
Brucellosis
A sexually transmitted disease in cattle that can cause calf death or blindness.
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19
Black leg disease
A fatal cattle disease caused by Clostridium chauvoei, treated by burning the affected animal.
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20
Milk fever
Paralysis caused by low magnesium or calcium in high-producing dairy cows after birthing.
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21
Dystocia
Birthing complications that can lead to diseases in cattle during the birthing season.
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22
Zoonotic diseases
Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
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