APWH UNIT 3

The author of the "Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen" was _____________________________.

Olympe de Gouges.

In response to the "Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen", ___________________________________.

revolutionary leaders refused to put women's rights on their political agenda.

The revolutions of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century helped to spread Enlightenment ideals and

_____________________________.

encouraged the consolidation of national states.

Revolutionaries of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century

_________________________________.

focused on the necessity of popular sovereignty.

The author of the "Second Treatise of Civil Government" was _______________________________.

John Locke.

Which of the following was NOT one of John Locke's main ideas?

Their subjects maintained person rights.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, in his "The Social Contract", argued that in every country the sovereign voice of government

__________________________________________.

were the members of society acting collectively.

Which of the following was NOT one of the basic ideals of the Enlightenment thinkers?

Equality for Women.

After the end of the Seven Years' War,

the colonists grew increasingly frustrated with British control and taxes.

The main slogan for the colonies in the years leading up to the American revolution was, ________________________.

"No taxation without representation."

The guiding principles of the French revolution are summed up in the phrase, ___________________________.

"Liberty, equality, fraternity."

The Declaration of Independence's contractual view of political structure in which the government drew its authority from "the

consent of the governed" was influenced by

John Locke.

Which of the following was NOT one of the principles built into the government of the newly formed American state?

quality of all inhabitants.

The leaders of the French revolution __________________________________.

called for a complete reorganizing of French political, social, and cultural structures.

The "ancient régime" was the

____________________________________.

old order in France that revolutionary leaders wanted to replace.

On June 17th, 1789, members of the third estate seceded from the Estates General and declared themselves to be the

______________________________.

National Assembly.

In August 1789, that same group expressed the guiding principles of the French revolution by issuing ________________________________.

"The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen".

The leaders of the Convention hoped to hold off invading counterrevolutionary forces by

calling for the Levée en masse.

The most radical period of the French revolution was reached during the leadership of _____________________, who was known as ________________________________.

Maximilien Robespieree; "the incorruptible".

During the rule of the Directory,

the French revolution moved in a more pragmatic direction.

Napoleon's Civil Code

affirmed the political and legal equality for all adult men.

The turning point in Napoleon's career was his disastrous 1812 invasion of __________________.

Russia.

Napoleon's final defeat occurred at __________________.

Waterloo.

The only successful slave revolt in history took place in _____________________________.

Saint Dominigue.

The leader who was responsible for the success of the Saint-Domingue uprising was ___________________.

Louverture.

The creoles of Latin America were influenced by the ideals of the Enlightenment

but only wanted to displace the peninsula and retain their privileged positions.

Colonial rule in Mexico ended in 1821 when the capital was seized by

Agustín de Iturbide.

The goal of Simón Bolívar was to

weld the former Spanish colonies of South America into a confederation like the United States.

Which of the following revolutionary leaders is NOT correctly linked with his country?

Miguel de Hidalgo & Peru.

The leader who helped lead Brazil

to independence was ________________________.

Emperor Pedro I.

Among the leading proponents of conservatism in the eighteenth century was

Edmund Burke.

William Wilberforce

pushed a bill through Parliament that ended the stave trade.

What nineteenth-century English thinker promoted individual freedom, universal suffrage, taxation of high personal income, and an extension of the rights of freedom and equality to women?

John Stuart-Mill.

The author of "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" was __________________.

Mary Wollstonecraft.

The organizer of the Seneca Falls

conference was _____________________.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

Theodore Herzl was the founder of

Zionism.

The leading conservative politician at the Congress of Vienna was

Klemens von Metternich.

The German leader Otto von Bismarck believed that the great issues of his day would be determined by

"blood and iron".

The industrial revolution began in _______________________.

Great Britain.

Crucial to industrialization was

____________________________________________.

the replacement of human and animal power with inanimate sources of energy such as steam.

The growing demand for cotton cloth in the eighteenth century threatened British

wool producers.

The British Calico Acts of 1720 and 1721

prohibited the importation of cotton cloth.

The inventor of the flying shuttle, ____________________, changed industry, because his invention

_________________________________________.

John Kay; sped the weaving process and increased the demand for yarn.

Which of the following was NOT a key feature in the rapid industrialization of Great Britain?

--

Edmund Cartwright was responsible for the invention of the

power loom.

James Watt invented a more efficient steam pump when he ______________________________, but his steam engine did not adapt well to transportation uses because _________________________________________________.

copied and consolidated several important American inventions; it consumed too much coal.

Cheaper iron was produced after 1709 when British smelters began to use what substance as a fuel?

Coke.

Henry Bessemer's innovations made it possible to produce cheaper ___________, which increased its use dramatically in the nineteenth century.

steel.

The first steam-powered locomotive was George Stephenson's

"the Rocket".

The dominant form of industrial organization by the end of the nineteenth century was

the factory system.

The Luddites

were craftsmen who destroyed textile machines.

Interchangeable parts were invented by

Eli Whitney.

Horizontal organization is

consolidation or cooperation of independent companies in the same business.

In America the petroleum monopoly, Standard Oil Company, was owned by

John Rockefeller.

Beginning in the nineteenth century, industrializing lands experienced a social change known as the demographic transition when

industrialization transformed societies and fertility and began a decline.

Marx and Engels, who wrote the "Manifesto of the Communist Party", proposed that capitalism divided people into two classes. The classes were

the capitalist and the proletariats.

Marx and Engels suggested that music, art, and literature

served the purposes of the capitalists, because they diverted the workers from their misery.

Marx and the communists believed that private property

should be abolished.

Marx and Engels believed that the final result of the socialist revolution would be the

"dictatorship to the proletariat".

According to the Manifesto of the Communist Party, all of human history had been a history of

class struggle.

In the late nineteenth century, Germany led European countries in the movement to

social reform.

Throughout most of the nineteenth century, employers and governments ____________________________________. But over the long haul, trade unions _____________________________________________________.

viewed trade unions as illegal associations designed the restrict capitalist development; reduced the likelihood of a revolution by improving the lives of the working people.

Charles Fourier was

a salesman who called for social transformation.

By 1900, which was the largest city in the world?

London.

Fatt Hing Chin was

a Chinese immigrant to the United States who panned for gold.

The term "manifest destiny" is associated with what country?

the United States.

In 1803, the United States doubled in size, after the Louisiana territory was purchased from

France.

The native Americans who relocated from the eastern woodlands to Oklahoma on the Trail of Tears were the

Cherokee.

The last major native American victory against the United States armed forces came in 1876 at the battle of ______________________.

Little Big Horn.

The last major native American resistance was defeated in 1890 at the battle of ______________________.

WoundedKnee

The main spark for the outbreak of the Mexican-American War in 1845 was the United States' acceptance of the new state of ______________.

Texas.

In 1848, the United States agreed to pay Mexico $15 million for what was then Texas, California, and New Mexico (today, that territory includes land in the states of Texas, California, New Mexico, AND Arizona) as part of the Treaty of ______________________________.

Guadalupe Hidalgo.

Which of the following leaders was committed to the idea of "free soil"?

Abraham Lincoln.

Which of the following was NOT one of the chief factors for the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War?

The traditional argument between a British or French alliance.

The U.S. Civil War changed character on 1 January 1863, after

the emancipation proclamation.

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the victory of the northern states in the U.S. Civil War?

The union had better generals.

The victory of the northern states in the U.S. Civil War meant that

the federal government would have greater authority in the American Republic.

New France passed into British control after

The Seven Years' War.

The U.S. invasion of Canada in the War of 1812 __________________________ and ______________________________________________________.

was repelled; stimulated a new sense of Canadian unity against an external threat.

Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were joined together as the Dominion of Canada _________________________________________, and their first prime minister was ___________________.

by the British North America Act of 1867; John MacDonald.

Simón Bolívar succinctly summed up the developing political situation in Latin America when he said,

"I fear peace more than war."

Who were "Caudillos"?

Regional military leaders who provided order in Latin America.

Who called for regional autonomy in an attempt to reconcile competing interests in Argentina?

Juan Manuel de Rosas.

Who was Benito Juárez?

The leader of La Reforma in Mexico in the 1850s.

Who was Emiliano Zapata?

A Mexican agrarian rebel.

The early stages of industrial development in the United States depended in large part on investment capital from which of the following nations?

Great Britain.

In terms of the industrial development of the United States in the late nineteenth century, the most important economic development was

the constriction of railroad lines that linked U.S. regions.

The National Policy, which was designed to attract migrants, protect nascent industries through tariffs, and build national transportation systems was a policy in

Canda.

By the 1860s, Britain's leading supplier of beef was

Argentina.

Who was Walt Whitman?

The author of "The Song of Myself".

After the conclusion of the U.S. Civil War, freed blacks ________________________________ and the southern states ______________________________________.

lost their political and civil liberties in the South; underwent reconstruction.

The lines, "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal," come from

the Declaration of Sentiments of the Seneca Falls Convention.

In 1882, the United States government ordered a complete halt to immigration from _______________ in 1882, and in 1907, they ordered a halt to immigration from ____________________,

China; Japan.

Who was Louis Riel?

The leader of the Métis.

In 1851, the leader of the Taiping rebellion, _______________________, proclaimed his own dynasty, the Taiping tianguo.

Hong Xiuguan

Taiping tianguo meant, _____________________.

"Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace"

The most significant territorial loss for the Ottomans was

Egypt.

Who was Muhammad Ali?

The Egyptian leader who overthrew Ottoman control.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the capitulations?

They were imposed on the Europeans by the Ottomans.

In the early nineteenth century, the Ottoman sultan Selim III

was locked up by the Janissaries because they considered his reform a threat.