Early Humans/Civilization
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26 Terms
Pre History
the period of time before written records
Archeologists
scientists who study human artifacts to learn about past cultures.
Sociology
the systematic study of human society
Anthropology
The study of humans
Hominid
An early ancestor of humans
Where did early hominids migrate from?
Africa
Bering Land Bridge
a strip of land connecting Alaska with Russia that emerged from underwater around 38,000 BC
Fertile Crescent
A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates
Mesopotamia
"land between the rivers"
Mesopotamia is modern day ___________________
Iraq
Two rivers of Mesopotamia
Euphrates and Tigris
Ancient Sumer
These Mesopotamians became the world's first civilization when they developed a system of writing.
Cuneiform
A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus and clay tablets.
Other advancements of the Sumerians
Time, mathematics, the wheel, the plow, irrigation.
Irrigation
A way of supplying water to an area of land
Agriculture
farming
Migration
Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.
Push Factors
a factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region
Push factors include
• natural disasters
• poor job opportunities
• war + conflict
• not agreeing with the way the country is run
• poor education
• unstable economy
• poor healthcare
• poor natural resources
• high crime rates
Pull Factors
A factor that draws or attracts people to another location
Pull factors include
• safer area
• good job opportunities
• stable economy
• better housing availability
• better standard of living
• better healthcare + education
• freedom of religious belief
• family/friends already there
• good resources
• lower crime rates
• bright lights syndrome
Hammurabi's Code
first written code/set of laws that all were expected to obey.
Bi-Pedal
walks on two legs
Steps to Human Civilization
Agriculture, Job Specialization, Trade, Government
Job Specialization
The process by which a division of labor occurs as different workers specialize in different tasks over time
Trade
Exchange of goods and services
Note 
Flashcards (99)