THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE

e. coli

• mostly normal flora

• once it acquires any of these virulence factors, it can cause disease

pilus

• virulence factor of e. coli

• Mucosal interaction

exotoxin

• virulence factor of e. coli

• LT and ST

• Shiga-like toxin

Endotoxin

• virulence factor of e. coli

• Lipid A

siderophores

• virulence factor of e. coli

• Iron-binding _

UTI

clinical finding of e. coli

Sepsis

clinical finding of e. coli

Neonatal meningitis

clinical finding of e. coli

Diarrhea

clinical finding of e. coli

pilus and fimbriae

• UTI

• virulence factor

• travels up the urethra

hemolysin

• UTI

• virulence factor

Cystitis

• UTI

• clinical finding

• bladder

Pyelonephritis

• UTI

• clinical finding

• kidney

Dysuria

• UTI

• symptom

• burning sensation when peeing

Hematuria

• UTI

• symptom

• blood in urine

Pyuria

• UTI

• symptom

• pus in urine

urination

• UTI

• symptom

• frequent

e. coli

most common cause of UTI in women

toxins

• sepsis

• virulence factor

secondary

• sepsis

• clinical finding

• _ to UTI

immunocompromised

sepsis mostly infects _ individuals

neonates

sepsis mostly infects _

capsule

• neonatal meningitis

• virulence factor

EPEC

• Types of Diarrhea caused by E. coli

• Diarrhea in infants

• Tight adherence

ETEC

• Types of Diarrhea caused by E. coli

• Traveler’s diarrhea

• Diarrhea in children <5 yrs of age

• Diarrhea lasts for several days

EHEC

• Types of Diarrhea caused by E. coli

• E. coli O157:H7

• Reported cases linked to infected meat products

• Cattle reservoir

EIEC

• Types of Diarrhea caused by E. coli

• Common in children in developing countries

EAEC

• Types of Diarrhea caused by E. coli

• Foodborne in developed countries

• Developing countries

EPEC adherence factor

• EPEC

• virulence factor

• pilus

vomiting

• EPEC

• clinical finding

watery diarrhea

• EPEC

• clinical finding

fever

• EPEC

• clinical finding

• in infants

antibiotic

• EPEC

• treatment

• shortens the duration of the disease

colonization factor antigen

• ETEC

• virulence factor

• pilus

heat-stabile toxin

• ETEC

• virulence factor

• will increase fluid production

heat-labile toxin

• ETEC

• virulence factor

• will increase fluid production

Montezuma’s revenge

• ETEC

• clinical finding

• first world country to third world country

antibiotics

• ETEC

• treatment

• shorten duration of disease

ETEC

• EHEC

• virulence factor

• pilus adherence factor similar to _

capsule

• EHEC

• virulence factor

verotoxin

• EHEC

• shiga-like toxin

6TS

verotoxins inhibit the _ ribosome of the host

bloody diarrhea

• EHEC

• clinical finding

• hemorrhagic colitis

fever

• EHEC

• clinical finding

• no _

pus

• EHEC

• clinical finding

• no _

hemolytic uremic syndrome

• EHEC

• clinical finding

• causes renal failure

antibiotics

• EHEC

• treatment

• shorten duration of disease

shiga toxin

• EIEC

• virulence factors

• invasion of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells

bloody diarrhea

• EIEC

• clinical finding

pus

• EIEC

• clinical finding

WBCs

• EIEC

• clinical finding

fever

• EIEC

• clinical finding

antibiotic

• EIEC

• treatment

ST

• EAEC

• virulence factor

enterotoxin

• EAEC

• virulence factor

hemolysin

• EAEC

• virulence factor

acute diarrhea

• EAEC

• clinical finding

chronic diarrhea

• EAEC

• clinical finding

14

length of chronic diarrhea in days

Shigella dysenteriae

• Intestinal tracts of humans & primates

• Fecal-oral transmission

• Intestinal tracts of humans & primates

• Fecal-oral transmission

bacillary dysentery

Shigella dysenteriae causes _ using the same toxin as EIEC

slender rods

• Shigella dysenteriae

• Morphology

Cocco-bacillus

• Shigella dysenteriae

• Morphology

• young cultures

aerobes

• Shigella dysenteriae

• culture

facultative anaerobes

• Shigella dysenteriae

• culture

glucose

• Shigella dysenteriae

• culture

• _ fermenters

no H2S

• Shigella dysenteriae

• culture

• _ production

acid

• Shigella dysenteriae

• culture

• _ production

10^2

• Shigella dysenteriae

• virulence factors

• low infectious dose (_)

EHEC

• Shigella dysenteriae

• virulence factors

• shiga toxin same as _

EIEC

• Shigella dysenteriae

• virulence factors

• shiga toxin same as _

bloody diarrhea

• Shigella dysenteriae

• clinical findings

• _ with mucus and pus

fever

• Shigella dysenteriae

• clinical findings

abdominal pain

• Shigella dysenteriae

• clinical findings

Oral fluid replacement

• Shigella dysenteriae

• treatment

IV fluid

• Shigella dysenteriae

• treatment

No anti-diarrheal drugs

• Shigella dysenteriae

• treatment

TMP-SMX

• Shigella dysenteriae

• treatment

• antibiotic for severe infection

CFT

• Shigella dysenteriae

• treatment

• antibiotic for severe infection

AZT

• Shigella dysenteriae

• treatment

• antibiotic for severe infection

MAC

• Shigella dysenteriae

• diagnostic

• culture on _

EMB

• Shigella dysenteriae

• diagnostic

• culture on _

HE

• Shigella dysenteriae

• diagnostic

• culture on _

XLD

• Shigella dysenteriae

• diagnostic

• culture on _

K/A

• Shigella dysenteriae

• diagnostic

• _ on TSIA

salmonella

• Commensal and pathogenic

• Transmission via Contaminated water or Contaminated food or animal

  products

• not zoonotic

enteritis

salmonella causes _

enteric fever

salmonella causes _

systemic infections

salmonella causes _

XLD

agar which differentiates salmonella and shigella

bacillus

• salmonella

• morphology

facultative anaerobe

• salmonella

• culture

• what kind of an/aerobe?

non-lactose

• salmonella

• culture

• _ fermenter

non-sucrose

• salmonella

• culture

• _ fermenter

acid

• salmonella

• culture

• _ production

gas

• salmonella

• culture

• _ production

H2S

• salmonella

• culture

• _ production

Vi antigen

• salmonella

• virulence factor

• capsule

motile

• salmonella

• virulence factor

• motility