Tibial nerve

What is the origin of the tibial nerve?

It is the medial terminal branch of the sciatic nerve.

Metameric origin: L4–S3.

What is the pathway of the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa?

In the popliteal fossa, it is the most lateral and superficial element of the vasculonervous popliteal bundle, covered by leg fascia.

Through which muscles does the tibial nerve descend in the posterior leg?

It descends between the heads of the gastrocnemius muscles and anterior to the arch of the soleus muscle.

With which vessels does the tibial nerve descend in the posterior leg?

It descends together with the posterior tibial vessels.

nerve crosses posteriorly from medial to lateral .

What is the course of the tibial nerve in the distal third of the leg?

It descends to retromalleolar groove towards the medial side, after emerging from under the calcaneal tendon.

What are the terminal branches of the tibial nerve?

In the medial retromalleolar groove →

The lateral plantar nerve

and the medial plantar nerve.

What do the muscular branches of the tibial nerve supply?

The posterior muscular group of the leg.

What do the articular branches of the tibial nerve supply?

The knee joint and talocrural joint.

Where is the interosseous nerve of the leg located and what does it supply?

It lies on the interosseous membrane and gives branches to the talocrural joint and tibiofibular joint.

Where does the medial sural cutaneous nerve originate and what is its course?

Originates in the popliteal fossa; descends beneath fascia to the upper third of leg where it joins the sural communicating branch of the common fibular nerve to form the sural nerve.

What is the course of the sural nerve?

Descends lateral to the calcaneal tendon, around the fibular malleolus, reaches the lateral margin of the foot.

What branches arise from the sural nerve and what do they supply?

Lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve → lateral foot & lateral aspect of 5th toe Lateral calcaneal branches → skin of lateral heel

What do the medial calcaneal branches supply?

The skin of the medial aspect of the heel.