New Testament Test 2

Who built the temple of Jesus' day

Herod the Great

What is Gnosticism?

an ancient belief that despises material and physical things, and elevates the spiritual/ non material

how does the 4th gospel present Jesus' death as his "glorification"

the death and glorification of Jesus by fulfilling Gods plan (coming back from the dead). metaphorical accession/being lifted up

Is the 4th Gospel anti-semitic? define your terms and provide examples for and against your argument

anti-semitic: being against jewish people

-it was not anti-semitic, some people just misinterpret what John is saying. More about internal conflict than directly hating the jewish population (needs to be read in historical context)

who is the paraclete

the Holy Spirit; the helper, advocate, or counselor (John 14,15,16,17)

which gospel represents the ox and why

Luke - focuses on his compassion and sacrifice (strong, faithful, serving, caring for all)

which gospel represents the eagle and why

John - focuses on his heavenly and spiritual nature (far-seeing)

which gospel represents the human and why

Matthew- shows Jesus as fully human and the teacher and long sermons (jewishness)

which gospel represents the lion and why

Mark - focuses on his strength and actions (jesus bounds into the stage)

which is the signs gospel

John uses the term "signs" of Jesus' miracles

what is incarnation

Jesus taking human form, we see this mostly in john (Jesus is The Word made flesh)

what are the I am statements, and what is their significance?

-Jesus describing himself as metaphors (I am the bread of life)

-it is significant bc it is going back to the OT, saying He is God

the writing of the gospel of John is best characterized as

a theological reflection on the incarnation

how does Luke describe his view of salvation and what does it consist of

the here and now for the poor and oppressed

what social groups are of special concern to Luke

the marginalized; women, the poor, imprisoned

in what gospel is Jesus most critical of the disciples

Mark

what is the magnificat? who says it and in what gospel?

-Mary magnifies the Lord after she gives birth to Jesus

-the great reversal: the lower brought up and the mighty and rich brought low

-its in the gospel of Luke

what is the messianic secret? how does this function as a theme in Mark's gospel

Jesus telling everyone to not tell anyone when He performs a miracle

how does the gospel of mark end?

it contains two endings: the original cuts off with no ending, the new ending resolves it

what is inclusio

A literary technique where a passage begins and ends with similar words or ideas to frame or emphasize a theme.

where is the sermon on the mount

Matthew 5-7

where is the sermon on the plain

Luke 6:17-49

how are the sermon on the mount and on the plain related

they both contain Jesus' teachings on ethics, love, and the kingdom of God

does mark portray peter positively or negatively

negatively

who was mark the traveling companion of?

Paul or the one who authored John

what psalm does Jesus quote in Mark's version of the crucifixion

Psalm 22

what does iterant mean

it means wandering around. ( Jesus was an iterant preacher, he would go place to place)

which gospel uses the term "church"

Matthew

in matthew's gospel, how does Jesus view the religious leaders

he often criticizes them for being hypocritical, legalistic, and focused on appearances rather than true righteousness

what function do parables serve

they teach spiritual truths using everyday stories and comparisons

which of the following is a characteristic of parables

a. they compare spiritual things with mundane realities

b. they sometimes function as riddles introducing an element of complication

c. they are usually intended to make one basic point

d. all of the above

all of the above

what is Q

the source that they believe matthew and luke used to write their gospels besides using mark

what are hermeneutics

the work of the interpretation

what is exegesis

to draw out and express the meaning already in the text

what is eisegesis

to import a meaning into the text that was not originally there

which gospels have genealogies? are they identical?

Matthew and Luke

they are different

• matthew does from abbraham to jesus while luke goes backwards (jesus to adam)

what does Matthew include in his genealogy?

it includes women

what is a passion narrative

the story of Jesus' suffering death, and burial

True or false? The Gospel writers make it clear that they only wrote down what God told them to write.

false

what gospel portrays Jesus as completely in control of his passion, suffering, and death

John

what are some of the meanings of the word "gospel" that we have considered

good news: the message of God's kingdom and salvation

Jesus' life and teachings: the story of what he did and said

a written account: the gospels

what does eschatological and apocalyptic mean

Eschatological: About the end times or the final events in history.

Apocalyptic: A style of writing that reveals God's plan for the end times, often using visions, symbols, and dramatic imagery.

what is the idea of "the historical Jesus"

studying Jesus as a real person who lived in history, focusing on what he actually said and did

what is the process of canonization

stage 1: oral stories about Jesus' life and teachings were told, people began to write them down in fragmentsstage 2: early collections of the textstage 3: some leaders began to evaluate the merits of the different Gospelsstage 4: formal canons begin to appear

how many ancient manuscripts of the NT, how many are identical, and how many autographs?

none of the manuscripts are identical (and no original autographs)

what is inspiration

God guided the human authors of the bible so that what they wrote was His message, even though they used their own words and style

on what basis are the letters in the NT ordered

-4 gospels

-acts of the apostles

-epistles

revelation

how does ancient biography compare to modern biography

ancient: focused on a persons character or teachings

modern: focus on detailed facts and datings (chronological order) and a full life story

what do world behind of and world in front of the text mean

behind: historical context, in front: our present, interpretive context

describe ancient near eastern slavery

slaves were considered property and had limited/ no personal freedom

what year was the temple destroyed

70 CE

what is a literalist

define the relationship more explicitly and minimizes human influence (believes that scripture has no errors)

what is a contextualist

human and divine authorship and allows for more consideration of human influence in Scripture's development (believes that scripture has some errors but the bible is still trustworthy)

what is a functionalist

they argue that scriptures inspiration is related to its effect rather than its content

how many books are in the NT

27