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Define matter
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It is composed of atoms and molecules, and it exists in various states such as solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
what are electrons?
Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in electron shells.
what is the atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. This defines the element.
what is the mass number?
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
define isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
what happens in melting?
solid becomes liquid
what happens in freezing
liquid becomes solid
what happens in vaporisation?
Liquid becomes gas
what happens in condensation?
gas becomes liquid
what happens in sublimation?
solid becomes gas
what happens in deposition?
what is buoyancy
Objects with lower density than the fluid they are in will float.
what is density?
Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume
what is pressure?
Pressure is the force exerted per unit area on the surface of an object.
what is temperature?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
what is volume?
Volume is the amount of space that a substance or object occupies.
what is elasticity?
The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being deformed.
what is young’s modulus?
Measures the stiffness of a material.
what is plasticity?
The ability of a material to undergo permanent deformation.
what is ionic bonding?
Transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of ions.
what is covalent bonding?
Sharing of electrons between atoms.
what is metallic bonding?
Electrons are shared in a "sea" of electrons, allowing metals to conduct electricity and heat.
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