Poetry quiz

Alliteration

constant sounds repeated at the beginning of words in close proximity

repeated at the beginnings of words

Allusion

• From the verb “allude,” which means “to refer to”

• A reference to someone or something famous.

• •A brief reference to a person, event, place, real or fictitious, or to a work of art.

A tunnel walled and overlaid

With dazzling crystal: we had read

Of rare Aladdin’s wondrous cave,

And to our own his name we gave.

analogy

• simile and metaphor 

• Comparison of two or more unlike things in order to show a similarity in their characteristics

• An ___ is a literary device that helps to establish a relationship based on similarities between two concepts or ideas.

Imagery

Language that provide a sensory experience using sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste.

Hyperbole

• An intentional exaggeration or overstatement, often used for emphasis.

• The purpose of hyperbole is to create a larger-than-life effect and overly stress a specific point. 

•  Litotes: Intentional understatement, used for humor or irony (Example- naming a slow moving person “Speedy”)

Onomatopeia

• Words that imitate the sound that they are naming

• •A word or words used in such a way that the sound imitates the sound of the thing spoken of.

Tlot-tlot; tlot-tlot!

Had they heard it?

The horse-hoofs ringing clear;

Tlot-tlot, tlot-tlot, in the distance?

Were they deaf that they did not hear?

Oxymoron

• Combines two usually contradictory terms in a compressed paradox, as in the word bittersweet or the phrase living death

Personification

• A nonliving thing given human of life-like qualities

• The cat and the fiddle,
  The cow jumped over the moon;
  The little dog laughed

Symbolism

• The use of a word or object which represents a deeper meaning than the words themselves

• It can be a material object or a written sign used to represent something invisible.

• •The use of one object or action to stand for or suggest something else.

Poetry

a type of literature that expresses ideas and feelings, or tells a story in a specific form

(usually using lines and stanzas)

Form

the appearance of the words on the page

Line 

a group of words together on one line of the poem

Stanza

a group of lines arranged together

Rythm

The beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem.

Rhythm can be created by using meter, rhymes, alliteration, and refrain.

Meter 

• A pattern of stressed (strong) and unstressed (weak) syllables

• Each unit or part of the pattern is called a “foot”

•Iambic  - unstressed, stressed

•Trochaic - stressed, unstressed

•Anapestic - unstressed, unstressed, stressed

•Dactylic - stressed, unstressed, unstressed

Rhyme 

Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds.

• A word always rhymes with itself.

Rhyme Scheme

• a pattern of rhyming words or sounds (usually end rhyme, but not always).

• Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. 

EX: place and space

End Rhyme 

• A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line

• Hector the Collector

   Collected bits of string.

   Collected dolls with broken heads

   And rusty bells that would not ring.

Internal Rhyme

• A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line.

•  Ah, distinctly I remember, it was in the bleak December

Refrain

• A sound, word, phrase or line repeated regularly in a poem, usually at the end of each stanza or verse, such as the chorus in a song.

• There lived a lady by the North Sea shore,

  Lay the bent to the bonny broom

  Two daughters were the babes she bore.

  Fa la la la la la la la.

  As one grew bright as is the sun,

  Lay the bent to the bonny broom

  So coal black grew the other one.

  Fa la la la la la la la.

Tone

• Used in poetry to convey feeling and emotion, and set the mood for the work. This can be done through word choice, the grammatical arrangement of words (syntax), imagery, or details that are included or omitted.

• This line immediately generates a story-telling atmosphere, just as it is with the phrase, "Once upon a time."  An audience is clearly implied.

• •The author’s attitude, either stated or implied toward the subject matter and toward the audience.

• In literature, the tone of a piece of writing is the emotional attitude toward the reader or toward the subject.

  •To determine tone, consider:

  •Diction – word choice

  •Syntax – word order

  •Punctuation

Connotation:

an emotional or social association with a word, giving meaning beyond the literal definition

Denotation:

the specific, literal image, idea, concept, or object that a word or phrase refers to

Simile

• Comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as”

• one of the most commonly used literary devices; referring to the practice of drawing comparisons between two unrelated and dissimilar things, people, beings, places and concepts. Similes are marked by the use of the words ‘as’ or ‘such as’ or ‘like’.

Metaphor

• Comparison of two unlike things where one word is used to designate the other (one is the other)

• Continues for several lines or possibly the entire length of a work

•In a___, one subject is implied to be another so as to draw a comparison between their similarities and shared traits.

• Example: “Henry was a lion on the battlefield”. This sentence implies immediately that Henry was courageous and fearless, much like the King of the Jungle.

Foreshadowing

• •A hint given to the reader of what is to come.

Stereotype 

• •A conventional character, plot or setting that possesses little to no individuality. (Such situations, characters, settings are usually predictable)

Irony

•The use of ___ in literature refers to playing around with words such that the meaning implied by a sentence/word is actually different from the literal meaning derived. 

• Example: Writing a sentence such as, “Oh! What fine luck I have!”. The sentence on the surface conveys that the speaker is happy with their luck but actually what they mean is that they are extremely unhappy and dissatisfied with their (bad) luck.

Point of view

• •In literature, the ‘_____’ is a literary device that depicts the manner in which a story is narrated/ depicted and who it is that tells the story.

Example: In the popular Lord of the Rings book series, the stories are narrated in the third person, and all happenings are described from an “outside the story” point of view. Contrastingly, in the popular teen book series, Princess Diaries, the story is told in the first person, by the protagonist herself.

Theme 

•The theme of any literary work is the base topic or focus that acts as a foundation for the entire literary piece.

• Example: The main theme in the play Romeo and Juliet was love with smaller themes of sacrifice, tragedy, struggle, hardship, devotion and so on.

Repetition 

• •A poetic device in which a sound, word, or phrase is repeated for style and emphasis.

Mood

•The overall atmosphere or emotional aura of the work.

Figurative language 

•Speech or language that departs from literal meaning to achieve a special effect.

Emphasis

• A special forcefulness of expression that gives importance to something being singled out.

Rhetoric 

•A speech that aims to persuade, inform, or motivate a particular audience.

Motivation

• The reason one has for acting a certain way.

Parody

A humorous imitation of another, usually serious work.

•It can take any fixed or open form because parodists imitate the tone, language, and shaped of the original in order to deflate the subject matter, making the original work seem absurd.

Paradox 

A paradox in literature refers to the use of concepts/ ideas that are contradictory to one another, yet, when placed together they hold significant value on several levels. 

•Example: High walls make not a palace.

Diction

 Certain writers in the modern day and age use archaic terms such as ‘thy’, ‘thee’ and ‘wherefore’ to imbue a Shakespearean mood to their work.

Syntax

The sentence "The man drives the car" would follow normal syntax in the English language. By changing the syntax to "The car drives the man", the sentence becomes awkward.

Worldview 

Worldview is the “lens” through which a person or group of people sees the world

•It should be rational.

•It should be supported by evidence and be consistent with what we observer.

•It should give an explanation of reality – why things are the way they are.