English culture Q1 (41, 42,43) Cartes | Quizlet

to present

to make something known

environmental Audit

closely examines environmental consequences of government decisions

recognise

accept

undertaken

promise

customary

usual

overthrow

remove somebody from power using force

escalate

become greater or more serious

all-out

complete and total

waged war on

fought a war against ( the gouvernment is waging war on drink-driving.)

Lords/Peers

members of the house of Lords (nobility)

Tories (Tory)

conservatives

committee stage

period after a proposed law has been discussed by Parliament when it is looked at in detail by a group of people

select committee

committee that checks and reports on some aspect of government work

rallies ( to rally : to gather)

large political meetings or demonstrations

policies

official plans of action// a political rule

constitution

full set of laws of a country

constitued

formed ( used about an off icial organisation)

foundation

time when it was established (founded)

pursued

try to achieve (pursue with this meaning collocates with words like aim, goal, career, strategy)

establish

set up, put in place

negociation

discussions in an attempt to reach an agreement

intervention

involvement in a difficult situation in order to improve it

infrastructure

the basic systems and services, such as transport

undeniably

certainly

delicate

needing to be handled with great skill

Unity

being together as one

rival

who compete against one another

ethnic cleansing

organised attempt by one racial or political group to completely remove from a country or area anyone who belongs to another particular racial group, using violence to achieve this

conflict resolution

finding a way to end conflict and the negative feelings between groups

campaign

planned group of military activities ( a major advertising campaign was planned to launch the new cosmetics range.)

to have a ( major ) fight on our hands

to expect a struggle, difficult time, or need to fight hard to succeed (... if we are to save the company from bankruptcy.)

battling

to engage in a fight or struggle. ( several companies are battling to win market supremacy in sales of smartphones.)

lobby

to try to persuade, influence the opinions of MPs and Lords

MPs (commons)

members of Parliament (elected by people)

labour

parti travailliste ( social democrats)

petition

formal process involving sending a written appeal to an MP, following a set format, which is then presented to the commons by the MP

legislation

possible future laws

bill

proposal for a law currently under discussion

scrutinising

looking very closely at

briefing

informational

ultimatly

in the end

to be down to

the responsibility of

set out

in the correct format

Hansard

the official record of parliamentary business

constituents

people who voted for them, people in their constituency

constituency

political region

speaker('s chair )

MP with responsibility for controlling the way parliamentary business is done

observations

comments

substantive

of significance

to cross departemental boundaries

to deal with different departements

allegations

complaints that have not been proven

conduct

behavior

shadow

follow closely to see how a job is done

wide-ranging

covering many subjects, diverse

expertise

a high level of knowledge or skill

humanity

all people

conquering

beating, getting rid of

illiteracy

inability to read or write

injustice

unfairness

upholds

supports

minorities

groups of people who differ racially or in some other way from most of the people in the place where they live ( minority collocates with adjectives like ethnic, religious, oppressed)

justified

caused by a good reason

( political ) movement

group of people with the same beliefs who work together in the attempt to achieve something

slogan

a short phrase that catches people's attention and is easy to remember

liberation

gaining equal rights

integration

being part of a community

a march

a walk where they can demonstrate their solidarity with others sharing the same attitudes and aims

solidarity

unity, mutual support

delegates

representatives

a last resort

something you do when everything else has failed

Diplomacy

activities concerning the relationships between governments

Sanctions

official orders, such as the stopping of trade, taken against a country to make it obey international law

weaponry

weapons in general / of different types

civilian casualties

people injured or killed who are not members of the military or the police

intervention

intentionally becoming involved in a difficult situation to improve it or stop it from getting worse

regime change

changing the government or leader of a country, especially by force

tyrannical

using power in a cruel way over people in a country or group

civil war

A war between people of the same country.

unrest

desagreement or fighting between groups

clashes

fights or arguments

ethnic

national or racial

brutal suppression

violent and cruel ending of the right or freedom to do something

massacres

the killing of large numbers of people

mistrust

lack or absence of trust

hatred

a feeling of intense dislike

hostilities

acts of war

besieged ( noun=siege)

attacked by surrounding it for a period of time ( paparazzi are besieging the star's hollywood home )

ambushed (noun = ambush)

attacked unexpectedly from secret positions

a truce

agreement during a war to stop fighting for a time

ceasefire

agreement between two armies or groups to stop fighting

peacekeeping forces

neutral soldiers who keep the peace in a divided society

international observers

outside, neutral people or body

rebellion

people fighting against their government

suicide bomber

person who lets off explosives, deliberately killing themselves in the process

a fleet

normally consists of a large number of ships ( A fleet of bullet-proof cars followed the president's limousine.)