Visual Literacy Exam #3

Architecture

the category of art that we live with the most; satisfies a basic, universal human need for a roof over one's head

Lascuax Cave

architecture example; cave in France where over 600 prehistoric paintings were discovered (15,000-13,000 BC)

Pyramids of Giza

architecture example; The three pyramids near Giza that were Built by Khufu, Cheops, and Cheops' son. Their the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering what is now Cairo, Egypt, and is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Parthenon

architecture example; A large temple dedicated to the goddess Athena on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. It was built in the 5th century BCE, during the Athenian golden age.

Panthenon

architecture example; A large, domed temple built in ancient Rome to honor many gods and goddesses.

Colosseum

architecture example; A large stadium in ancient Rome where athletic events took place

Palace of Versailles

architecture example; a palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of Versailles

Chartres Cathedral

architecture example; Finest example of French-Gothic architecture

University of Cathedral

architecture example; Gothic Revival skyscraper that's a landmark listed in the National Register of Historic Places and houses humanities departments

University of Chicago's Mansueto Library

architecture example; striking architectural design, including a soaring elliptical glass dome.

Structural Systems

provide basic framework and transport system for the body: Load-Bearing Construction + Post-and-Lintel Construction

Load-Bearing Construction

one of the basic ways to construct, where rows of loads are piled on top of others to build the walls

Post-and-Lintel Construction

a fundamental way of building by means of having vertical beams (posts) stabilized by horizontal beams (lintels) on top

Arch

a structure that evenly distributes the weight of the top, reliving stress a the point the vertical meets the horizon

Vault

roof support: Groin Vault, Barrel Vault, + Dome

Groin Valut

the creation of two barrel vaults that are crossed in the center at a right angle. Groin vaults are made from stone or brick. These vaults were first used in Europe and were later adopted by the Romans, the Byzantine, and Islamic people.

Barrel Vault

a vault forming a half cylinder

Dome

a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure, typically with a circular base.

Prehistoric

the period before written documentation

Classical

in connection with western civilization refers to ancient Greece and ancient Rome

Renaissance

the revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture

Humanism

the stance which affirms that human beings have the right ad responsibility to give meanings and shape to their own lives

Triptych

a work of art (usually a panel painting) that is divided into three sections, or three carved panels

Mannerism

late Renaissance trend that suggests certain painters practiced an art of grace and sophistication

Sofonisba Anguissola

first woman artist known to have achieved celebrity among her contemporaries

Baroque

art full of emotion, energy, and movement

Assyrian, from Nimrud

Human-Headed Winged Lion

Polykleitos

Spear Bearer (Doryphorus)

Leonardo di Vinci

Mona Lisa

Leonardo di Vinci

The Last Supper

Michelangelo

David

Michelangelo

Sistine Chapel ceiling

Raphael

School of Athens

Sofonisba Anguissola

Self-portrait at the easel

Tintoretto

The Last Supper (not da Vinci's)

Carravaggio

Entombment of Christ

Rembrandt

Self-Portrait

Rembrandt

Sortie of Captain Banning Cocq's Company of the Civic Guard (The Night Watch)

Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun

Marie Antoinette and Her Children

John Singleton Copley

Paul Revere