BIOL121 Quiz 3: Plants Conquering the Land & Non-Vascular/Vascular Plants

Flashcards covering key concepts related to gymnosperms and angiosperms in plant biology.

Gymnosperm

A type of plant that has seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary; literally means 'naked seed'.

Angiosperm

A plant that produces seeds inside of fruits; known for the presence of flowers and double fertilization.

Double fertilization

A key evolutionary innovation of angiosperms where one sperm fertilizes the egg and another sperm forms the endosperm.

Ginkgo

A gymnosperm known for being a living fossil and has only one extant species.

Pollen Grain

The male gametophyte in angiosperms, responsible for transferring sperm to the ovule.

Ecological Importance of Coniferous Gymnosperms

They form large carbon-storing forests, which play a significant role in carbon sequestration.

Reproductive Success in Angiosperms

Conferred by the evolution of flowers, which attract pollinators and facilitate successful mating.

Features of Angiosperms

Typical features include flower formation and enclosed seeds, unlike gymnosperms which have naked ovules.

Pollination Adaptations in Gymnosperms

Utilize wind and less reliance on pollinators compared to angiosperms.

Pollination Adaptations in Angiosperms

Typically rely on attracting animals with flowers and nectar, enhancing reproductive success.