U1: Globalization and Identity

United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

• promotes cultural diversity

• adopted the Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity

• The cultural wealth of the world in its diversity and dialogue

Cultural Diffusion

Describes the way cultures merge and spread around the world

Transnational/multinational corporations

a corporation that operates in two or more countries

Media concentration

The gathering of ownership of newspapers and other media of a few large corporations

Media convergence

The use of technology to integrate media (news on multiple platforms)

Economies of scales

savings that are achieved by producing, using, and buying things in large quantities

Homogenization

Differences between values, customs, attitudes, and beliefs are becoming reduced or erased

Acculturation

The process in which members of one cultural group adopt SOME of the beliefs and behaviors of another group. (Don’t fully lose your identity)

Accommodation

people from different cultures come into contact and accept and CREATE SPACES for one another

Assimilation

the culture of a minority group is absorbed by another culture

cultural revitalization

Acknowledging and affirming a person’s individual identity and collective identity

Digital divide

the gap that separates people who do and do not have access to up to date technology

propaganda

ideas and information spread for the purpose of achieving a specific goal

pop culture

those parts of culture deemed popular by the mainstream

universalization

the spread of culture, trends, customs and practices around the world

hybridization

the mixing of identities and cultures to make something new

cultural content laws

conscious interventions by the government to protect and promote a nation’s culture

cultural diversity

variety in cultures and identities

multiculturalism

a policy that supports respect for a diversity of languages, beliefs, traditions, values, religions, and other part of culture

marginalization

The pushing of a group to the outskirts of society

Integration

Equal opportunity for participation of different groups in society

CBC and SRC

• is owned by the Canadian government

• National french and english broadcaster in CA

• To create and show Canadian content

Canadian radio television and telecommunications Commission (CRTC)

• controls and regulates the amount of Canadian content in media in Canada

• to protect and preserve Canada’s cultural identity

Can con

set quotas for Canadian content

cultural protectionism

restricting the amount of foreign culture allowed into a country to maintain a strong local culture

outsourcing

a business strategy that involves reducing costs by using suppliers of products and services in countries where labour is cheaper and government regulation may be less strict

overgeneralization

drawing a conclusion based on too little information

stereotyping

placing people in categories according to preconceived beliefs about how members of a particular group think or behave

sweatshop

a workplace that has very poor, socially unacceptable working conditions

media transnationals

• big corporation that owns many TV shows, etc

• they may impose a universal culture on the cultures of the world

media consolidation

many of the media companies are merging together

melting pot

cultures are expected to adopt American culture and become American

universalization of pop culture

the production of the majority of television programs, news, broadcasts, films, magazines by media transnational that are consumed by a vast world audience

Disneyfication

implies the internationalization of the entertainment values of US mass culture

Americanization

• Their commentators, their point of view

• Media giants: own most of the major networks

  • biases coverage

  • homogenize commentary and coverage

Ethnocentrism

a way of thinking that centers on one’s own race and culture. Ethnocentric people believe that their worldview is the only one valid

POV

speaking about what you know based on your individual identity

Perspective

Speaking about what you know based on your collective identity

Viewing the world: POV

an individual’s opinion about a matter, based on their personal experience

viewing the world: perspective

A people’s worldview; one that has developed from collective experience

Canada is a … society

pluralistic

Globalization

• Is a process of building ties among the peoples of the world

• Is an increase in global relationship

• Interdependence + interconnection in all aspects

Globalization is

the process by which the world’s citizens are becoming increasingly connected and interdependent through business, politics, and daily life

Dimensions of globalization

Political, social, environmental, economic

Political globalization

the process by which political decisions and actions are becoming increasingly international

Social globalization

the process by which peoples lifestyles spread around the world

Economic globalization

the process of expanding world trade networks

Environmental globalization

the process by which organizations and nations coordinate efforts to address environmental issues

Identity

who one is based on various cultural factors and personal interests

Collective

A group to which a person belongs and identifies with

Context

The circumstances or surroundings in which one is born and raised influence the ways in which one interacts with others

Identity factors

• Family

• Language

• Religious and spiritual beliefs

• Traditions and heritages

• Interests and talents

• Passage of time

• Clothing and body adornments

Individual identity

what is unique to you, your personality

Collective identity

what are characteristics of the group(s) you belong to

Slang

vocabulary and usage that differ from the standard - often adopted by a particular group of people to set themselves apart

Jargon

similar to slang, but often used by members of professional collectives

Techno isolation

• Tech promotes social isolation

• Reduce socialization and sense of community

CA GOV promoting language and culture

• Official language act of 1969

• Multiculturalism policy in 1971

Metis

• Offspring of First Nations and French explorers

• Created Michif

• Lost much of their land through script

• The Metis Nation of AB: works to affirm Metis identity

The Inuit

• Forced to accept Christianity, residential school → forced to relocate north → oil companies destroy the lands

• Achieved full self-gov in 1999

• Created Nunavut, their own TV network in Inuktitut

Francophones

• French is important to Quebec identity and culture

• Bill 101: made French the only official language in Quebec