Abeka 11th grade Chemistry test 7 (Chapter 10-11)

Silicon

Polymers of silicon, oxygen, and carbon are called what?

Silicates

Mineral compounds containing metals and silicon-oxygen groups are called what?

Magnesium hydroxide

Milk of magnesia is used in stomach antacid and laxatives is a suspension of what?

Magnesium Sulfate

Epsom salts are used in hot baths to reduce swelling are a hydrate of what?

Platinum

An expensive metal widely used in automotive catalytic converters, spark plugs, and surgical tools is what?

Sulfur

The nonmetal that exists in rhombic, monoclinic, and plastic forms depending on the temperature is?

Aluminum

A lightweight metal extracted from bauxite and widely used in aircraft, space craft, and beverage cans is?

Sulfur

What element that is produced annually is used for acid production?

Carbon

Steel is an alloy of iron and a small percentage of what?

Cyanide Process

Gold and silver are usually extracted from low grade ores using the what process?

Nitrous oxide

Lauging gas, a compound used as an anesthetic in minor dental surgery, is what?

sulfur

What element is typically extracted from petroleum and natural gas using the Claus process?

copper

Brass and bronze are both alloys of what element?

nitrogen fixation

The process by which certain microorganisms convert atmospheric nitrogen to a form that can be used by plants is what?

iron

The blast furnace is used to extract what from its ore?

iodine

The hormone thyroxin, produced by the thyroid gland, contains what?

CaCO3

Deposits inside boilers, hot-water heaters, and teapots are often due to what?

Natural gas

Most helium is extracted from what?

Noble gases

What group of elements are found in nature only as free, uncombined elements?

Aluminum

What is the third most abundant element in the earth's crust?

Halogens

Which class of nonmetals is the most reactive?

Ammonia

What compound used in fertilizer manufacturing is produced by the Haber process?

Calcium

What alkaline earth metal is an essential component of bone and teeth?

Halogens

Includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine

Precious metals

Includes platinum, silver, and gold

Semimetals

Includes boron, silicon, and geranium

Noble gases

Includes helium, argon, krypton, and xenon

alkaline earth metals

Includes beryllium, magnesium, calcium, and barium

platinum group metals

Includes palladium, rhodium, iridium, and osmium

Alkali metals

Includes lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium

iron

Hematite is the most common ore of what element?

boron

Borax is one of the most common compounds of what element?

Aluminum

The Hall-Heroult process is used to produce what?

allotropes

Two or more forms of the same element that differ in their properties but exist in the same physical state are called what?

sodium hydroxide

Lye and caustic soda are common names for what?

hard water

Water containing high concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and iron (II) ions is called what water?

copper

Malachite, cuprite, and chalcopyrite are ores of what?

oxygen

Ozone is an allotrope of what element?

radon

What naturally produced noble gas can diffuse into home basements and is associated with an increased risk of cancer?

fluourine

What is the most reactive of all elements?

hydrogen

What element is produced industrially by steam reforming of natural gas?

silicon

What semiconductor is most commonly used to make computer chips?

sulfuric acid is used extensively in industry

Which statements best explains why sulfuric acid can be used to measure the health of the United States' economy?

oxygen

Which element isn't an important nutrient contained in commercial fertilizers?

barium sulfate

What compound is used as a contrast agent for x-rays of the gastrointestinal tract?

lead

What dense metal is used in car batteries, weights, radiation shielding, and small-arms ammunition?

annealing

Which of the following is NOT a method of hardening steel?

iron

What is the cheapest and most widely used metal?

beryllium

What metal is used to make the windows in x-ray tubes?

silicates

What is the primary component of window glass?

poor electrical conductivity

Which of the following physical properties is NOT characteristic of metals?

uranium

What very dense metal is used in industrial counterweights, high-density armor, and nuclear fuels?

gold

What is the most malleable and ductile metal known?

hydrogen

Which of the following nonmetals does NOT have multiple allotropes at room temperature?

ozone ion

Which of the following is NOT an ion of oxygen?

phosphorus

What element exists as an unstable white allotrope and a more stable red allotrope?

amalgam

What is an alloy of mercury with another metal?

pig iron

What is the form of iron produced by direct iron reduction?

hypochlorite

What is the most active ingredient in bleach?

phosphates

What are salts of phosphoric acids called?

metallurgy

What is the science of extracting metals from their naturally occurring materials and preparing them for use?

hydrogenation

What is the addition of hydrogen to double or triple bonds known as?

photosynthesis

What is the process occurring in plants that continually replenishes oxygen in the atmosphere?

silicon

What is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust?

fluorine

What is used as refrigerants as an anticavity dental treatment?

chlorine

What is used in bleaches, PVC plastics, medicines, pesticides, and water treatment?

helium

What is used in deep-sea diving mixtures and as a nonflammable lifting gas in airships and high-altitude balloons?

nitrogen

What is used in ammonia, artificial fertilizers, and explosive compounds?

hydrogen

What is the most abundant element in the universe?

hydrogen

What elements isotopes are protium, deuterium, and tritium?