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Cell Division

The process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.

Growth Factors

Proteins secreted by surrounding cells that promote cell replication.

Confluence

The stage in cell culture where cells completely cover the bottom of the dish and stop dividing.

Anchorage Dependence

The requirement for most animal cells to be attached to a solid surface to divide.

Checkpoint in Cell Cycle

Points in the cell cycle that monitor and determine if the cell is ready to proceed with division.

Proto-oncogenes

Genes that promote normal progression through the cell cycle.

Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes that inhibit cell growth and division, acting as brakes in the cell cycle.

Apoptosis

A process of programmed cell death that eliminates cells that are damaged or unneeded.

G0 Phase

A resting phase where cells exit the cell cycle and can remain inactive for extended periods.

Mitosis

The process of cell division resulting in two identical daughter cells.