Psych Language and Problem Solving Extra

Metalinguistic Awareness

Recgonizing that different words mean different things depending on context

Telegraphic Speech

To skip parts of a sentence with the same intended meaning

Types of baby sounds

Cooing, crying, babbling

Pros of Bilingualism

Better:

• cognitive flexibility

• analytical reasoning

• selective attention

• metalnguistic awareness

Cons of Biligualism

• Smaller vocabuliries in each language

• Slightly slower language processing speed

Problem solving strategies

• Subgoals

• Working backward

• Searching for analogies

• Changing representation of problem

Simon

Psychologist stating theory of Bounded Rationanlity

• to say that we don’t think rationally and our decisions are easily influenced

Additive Strategies

To weigh the pros and cons of options and decide between them

• adding up the factors of each option and comparing them

Elimination by aspects

To eliminate options based on negatives, and then choose the option you have left

Expected Value

Calculating the combined average outcome of all possible outcomes in a decision, and acting based on that average.

Subjective Utility

When we choose see thing for the “peace of mind” it brings us, such as a precautionary purchase that is unlikely to be needed, but still bought just in case.

Subjective Probability

Personal assessment of the likelihood a single event will occur, which is influenced experiences, beliefs, and intuition

• NOT usually based on data.