CMA Exam

Professionalism

behavior based on a body of knowledge and ethical standards to serve the public

Competent MA

dependability, honesty, and tolerance

What is ethics based on?

integrity, responsibility to service and community, respect, self-discipline, and intent to further your career.

MA duty

to meet reasonable expectations of our patients also know as fidelity

Ethics is

knowledge of what right conduct versus what is wrong conduct

How should communication among peers be?

remain professional and appropriate throughout the workday

Nonverbal communication that is accepted by the senders culture such as:

smiling, looking straight into the speaker's eyes, or lightly touching someone's shoulder to show concern, may create interference if the gesture has a different significant meaning to that culture.

What is empathy?

the ability to understand the feelings and concerns of the person

Closed questions?

yes or no response

Open-ended questions?

encourages the pt to provide more information

Why do we use direct statements?

Its a helpful way to get a response from a pt without feeling questioned

Non-verbal communications

Gestures, body language, body posture, facial expressions, and intonation

When should a MA answer the telephone?

By the third ring, and always make sure the pt is not immediately placed on hold without speaker to them first

What is CMS responsible for?

Responsible for regulating and operating under the CLIA program

Do patients actively participate in their own health care?

Yes

3 multiple choice options

Patients have the right to:

-Receive treatment w/o discrimination as to race, color, religion, gender, national origin, disability, or the source of payment

-Be informed of name & position of Dr who will oversee your care in the hospital

-Receive all info needed to give informed consent for any procedure or treatment. inc possible risks and benefits

-Receive all info you need to give informed consent for an order not to resuscitate

Patients also have the right to:

2.

-Refuse treatment, exams, or observations

-Privacy while in the hospital and confidentiality of all info and records regarding your care

-Review medical record w/o charge

-Receive info about pain & pain relief measures

-Complain w/o fears of reprisals

-The right to request info about advance directives regarding your decisions about medical care

Living will

a document that expresses his or her wishes in case of terminal illness or an accident after which they cannot express their wishes

AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus

Hep B (HBV)

Inflammation to the liver

Tubercolosis (TB)

caused by Mycobacterium tb, an airborne pathogen, should wear fitted mask

Nosocomial infection

Any infection that occurs during a pt's stay at a health-care facility

Removal of PPE

gloves, gown, goggles, mask

Contact precautions

touching

Airborne precautions

Breathing

Droplet precautions

Coughing

Hazard Communication Standard (HCS)

Required by OSHA to ensure all employees are informed of the hazards associated with chemicals in their workplace.

Do not given medical advice

As a MA you must never lose sight of what advice you are and are not qualified to give

Disposing of waste

Get rid of contaminated or dangerous items left over when the procedure ends

How should you place needles in the sharp container?

Placed use needles and other sharp objects pointy end first into sharp containers

When should you dispose of the sharps container

when it is 3/4 full

Can an MA administer medications

Depending on local laws in the attending physician you may have to

T/F Confidentiality of patient information is a vital ethical principle that needs to be observed by a medical assistant

True

What is tort

Wrong committed against a person or the person's property also may be an intentional or unintentional

What is negligence

Unintentional wrong

What is malpractice

Negligence by a professional person (unintentional)

What are intentional torts

Acts that are meant to be harmful

What is defamation

Injuring a person's name in repetition by making false statements to a third person

What is libel

Making false statements in print writing or through pictures

What is slander

Making false statements orally

What is Invasion of Privacy

Violating persons right not to have his or her private affairs exposed

What is fraud

Saying or doing something to trick for deceive a person

What is assault

Intentionally attempting to touch or threaten a persons body without their consent

What is battery

Touching a person's body without their consent

What is informed consent

When the person clearly understands what is going to be done

What is abandonment

When a provider withdrawals from the care of a patient without reasonable notice of discharge

What are two types of civil actions

Lack of informed consent and violation of standard of care

Example of implied consent

When a patient makes an appointment for a visit

Example of expressed consent

Verbal/spoken approval by the patient

Example of informed consent

Involves the patient's right to receive an understand all information relatable to any specific procedure the patient will undergo at the hands of a licensed practitioner

How long should it take for a proper handwashing procedure

1 to 2 minutes

Hand antisepsis requires the use of

Antimicrobial soap

If hands are not visible soiled the CDC recommends

Alcohol base hand rub instead of handwashing due to over handwashing drying out the hands leading to irritation chapping or dermatitis

What is PPE

Mask, face shields, goggles, respirator, gowns, aprons, lab coats, and gloves

How long should a surgical handwashing procedure take

2 to 6 minutes

What is OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Assist employers in providing a safe and healthy working environment for their employees

What is ultrasonic cleaning used for

Delicate items in those with moving parts

What is disinfection

A a technique used to destroy many but not all pathogenic organisms such as spores

Types of disinfectants include

-alcohol 70%

-Sodium hydrochloride (household bleach 1:10 solution)

-Iodophors

-Glutaraldehyde

-Formaldehyde

What is medical asepsis?

Being free of disease producing microbes

What is surgical asepsis?

Practice that keeps items free of all microbes

What does sanitation do

The scrubbing of instruments with special brushes and detergent to remove blood and mucus and etc.

What does disinfection do

(Disinfection does…)The process that destroys pathogenic micro organisms

What is an autoclave

A device that forces the temperature of steam above the boiling point of water to sterilize instruments and equipment

What temperature in the auto clave are most microorganisms killed in a few minutes

130°C to 150°C

How long is sterilized packets from the auto clave good for

30 days

The following procedure should be completed at the beginning and end of the day and after every patient uses the exam room

1. Wash hands and don exam gloves

2. Dispose of all use paper products in the biohazard waste container

3. Disposable instruments in place in biohazard trash and or in the sharps container

4. Gather reusable instruments in place in stainless steel tray with the correct disinfect and cover for transport to the appropriate cleaning processing area

5. Using disinfectant wipes wipe down all surfaces in the room

6. Dispose of exam gloves wash hands and dawn clean exam gloves

7. Please protective covering such as paper and covering for instruments

8. if using 10% bleach solution for any procedures be sure to check and replace as needed

9. Record each room cleaning on appropriate documentation log

What are the modes of transmission

1. Direct contact

2. Indirect transmission

3. Airborne transmission

4. Vectors

5. Droplet spread

6. Vehicles

What is direct contact

Occurs through skin to skin contact kissing and sexual intercourse

What is indirect transmission

Refer to the transfer of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a whole spice suspended air particles in inanimate objects (vehicles) or animate intermediaries (vectors)

What is airborne transmission

Occurs when infectious agents are carried by dust or droplet suspended in air. Airborne dust includes material that has settled on surfaces and become resuspended by air currents as well as infectious particles blown from the soil by the wind. Example is tuberculosis

What is vectors

Mosquitoes fleas and ticks may carry infectious agent through purely mechanical means or may support growth or changes in the agent transmit to a human being

What is droplet spread

Refers to spray with large short range aerosol produced by sneezing coughing or even talking. Droplet spread is classified as a wreck because transmission is by direct spray over a few feet before the droplets fall to the ground. Example is pertussis or whooping cough

What is vehicles

Food, water, biological products (blood), and fomites (inanimate objects such as handkerchiefs, bedding, or surgical scalpels). a vehicle may passively carry a pathogen the vehicle may provide an environment in which the agent grows, multiplies, or produces toxin

What is hand hygiene

Refers to the process of cleansing or sanitizing the hands it is also considered the most important medical septic practice for preventing the spread of infection

What is Antiseptic handwashing

Washing the hands with the antimicrobial soap that contains an anti septic

What is antiseptic

An agent that functions to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms

When should you wash your hands with plain soap or anti-microbial soap

-the hands are visibly soiled with dirt or body fluids

-Before eating

-After using the restroom

When should you apply alcohol base hand rub aka hand sanitizer

-before having direct patient contact

-After contact with the patient intact skin

-Before applying or after removing gloves

-After contact with body fluids, non-intact skin, wound dressing (if the hands are not visibly soiled)

-When moving a contaminated body to a clean body site during patient care

-After contact with an inanimate object like medical equipment

What is personal protective equipment (PPE)

Clothing or equipment that protects an individual from contact with blood or OPIM

When should you wear gloves

Gloves are worn when it is anticipated that your hands will encounter blood in OPIM, mucous membranes, or nonintact skin. Gloves can prevent a pathogen entering the body through a break in the skin, abrasion, burn, or rash.

When should you wear a face shield or mask in combination with eye protection

Whenever splashes, spray, splatter, or droplets of blood are anticipated

When should you wear gowns

When growth contamination can be anticipated during performance of a task or procedure

What are infectious agents

bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites

what is a nosomical infection?

An infection that first occurs during a patient stay at a healthcare facility . (Ventilator associated pneumonia)

Should you recap a needle

No, never

T/f Never filled the sharps container past the fill line on the contain

True

T/f

True; Never shake the sharps container to make more room

What is a hazardous substance

Any chemical in the workplace that can cause harm

What does OSHA require for healthcare employees

-understand the risk when dealing with such substances and know how to handle them safely

-Labeling is extremely important when handling any substance

-Hazardous substance a material safety data sheet

What is a safety data sheet

It provides detail information about the substance general and emergency information

Biohazard symbol

What symbol is this

Poison symbol

What symbol is this?

Toxic symbol

What symbol is this?

True or false is proper handwashing techniques the best method of preventing the spread of nosocomial infection

True

VLL

Left leg between hip and ankle

VRL

Right leg between hip and ankle

VLA

Left upper arm

VRA

Right upper arm

What is the rate the EKG travels at

25 millimeters per second