Key Concepts in Christian Virtues, Justice Types, and Social Doctrine

cardinal virtues

the four virtues that are viewed as essential for full Christian living: (1) prudence - practical wisdom; responsible decision-making (2) justice - giving God and neighbor what is due to them (3) fortitude - courage and strength to stand firm in one's convictions and do the morally right thing (4) temperance - moderation that brings balance to our life

common good

the good that is collectively shared by members of a given community and beneficial to all with regards to meeting basic human needs.

commutative justice

this type of justice calls for fairness in agreements and contracts between individuals. It is an equal exchange of goods, money or services.

distributive justice

the responsibility that society has for safeguarding essential human rights and ensuring the just distribution of the earth's resources, with special regards to those people whose basic needs are going unmet.

justice

the cardinal virtue concerned with the rights and duties within relationships to ensure that all persons - particularly those who are poor and oppressed - receive what is due to them.

legal justice

the social responsibilities that citizens owe their country and society.

social justice

the defense of human dignity by ensuring that essential human needs are met and that essential human rights are protected for all people.

social doctrine

the body of teaching by the Church on economic and social matters that includes moral judgments and demands for action in favor of those being harmed.